Grant amount：\2470000 （ Direct Cost: \1900000 、 Indirect Cost：\570000 ）

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Grant amount：\4680000 （ Direct Cost: \3600000 、 Indirect Cost：\1080000 ）

In the study of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), (3 min ischemia + 5 min reperfusion) × 2 cycles were adopted as IPC manners. Hearts isolated from wild type (WT) and AQP7 knockout (KO) mice were set in a Langendorff perfused model, and the myocardial protective effect against 25-minute global ischemia was examined. The WT mice showed an improvement effect in the IPC group compared to the control group, but no difference was observed in the AQP7KO mice. In the pharmacological preconditioning (PPC) study, nicorandil (100 microM) was administered before ischemia. In both WT and AQP7KO mice, the superior cardioprotection was observed in the PPC group compared to the control group.

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Grant amount：\4810000 （ Direct Cost: \3700000 、 Indirect Cost：\1110000 ）

We examined changes in plasma AVP and urinary AQP2 during perioperative period (before operation, on the first, fourth and seventh postoperative day) in patients who underwent cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. The plasma AVP showed a transient increase significantly on the first postoperative day, and turned to decrease on the fourth postoperative day. Urinary AQP2 excretion showed similar changes. In patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, postoperative plasma AVP and urinary AQP2 levels were elevated similar to those with cardiopulmonary bypass. AQP7, a member of the aquaglyceroporin family that is permeated by glycerol and water, has been observed in cardiac tissue. We have investigated a protective efficacy of STH2 in an experimental preparation of isolated AQP7 knock-out murine hearts. We demonstrated the myocardial protection afforded by STH2 even through AQP7 was absent.

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