記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with an unknown etiology and is characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas in the affected organs. We present the case of a 69-year-old male Japanese patient with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest radiographs for more than 10 years, left without further investigation. The patient reported no clinical symptoms. Chest computed tomography revealed ground-glass opacities and reticular shadows in both lungs, along with bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Lymphocytosis was observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Pathological examination of transbronchial lung biopsy revealed noncaseating, epithelioid granulomas congruous with sarcoidosis, together with other findings. There were no abnormalities on electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and ophthalmic examination.For progressive dyspnea on exertion, systemic corticosteroid therapy with oral prednisolone (25 mg/day) was initiated in 2017 and gradually tapered. Despite this intervention, the decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) was accelerated. Three years later, the patient noticed swelling in his right wrist. Further investigation revealed elevated anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and absence of noncaseating epithelioid granuloma on surgical biopsy, leading to the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thereafter, the anti-fibrotic agent nintedanib was initiated, because interstitial lung disease (ILD) was considered to have converted into a progressive fibrosing phenotype (PF-ILD) with overlapping RA-associated lung involvement. With treatment, the progression of decline in FVC was slowed, although home oxygen therapy was introduced.

DOI： 10.1177/17534666231158279

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：The Editorial Committee of Annals of Vascular Diseases  

Rupture of inflammatory aortic aneurysm associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis (RF) is rare. We report a 62-year-old man with an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) complicated with idiopathic RF, resulting in a contained rupture of the common iliac artery. The patient also presented with mild renal insufficiency due to urethral obstruction and left hydronephrosis. Surgical procedures including graft replacement and ureterolysis relieved the symptoms. Postoperative immunosuppressive treatment using corticosteroid and methotrexate successfully maintained clinical remission without signs of recurrence of RF and IAAA at the 2-year follow-up.

DOI： 10.3400/avd.cr.22-00120

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Medical Association of Nippon Medical School  

Periaortitis is a rare vascular manifestation and is often associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis. Herein, we describe a case of periaortitis accompanied by retroperitoneal fibrosis in a patient who developed acute kidney insufficiency due to bilateral ureteral stenosis. Ultrasonography at presentation detected thickness of the outer layer of the bilateral common iliac artery and right internal and external iliac arteries, consistent with periaortitis. Moreover, follow-up ultrasound images revealed subsiding of the thickness of the arterial wall in response to treatment with corticosteroids. Because of its noninvasiveness and handiness, ultrasonography has become popular for the assessment of large vessels in clinical practice, particularly monitoring for affected lesions. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography are currently used for the diagnosis and monitoring of periaortitis, but in this case, ultrasonography was utilized in the diagnosis and monitoring of periaortitis as a supportive imaging modality, as the use of contrast agents was contraindicated because of renal insufficiency.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2022_89-604

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本病院総合診療医学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: To assess apremilast's impact on patient quality of life (QoL) in active Behçet's syndrome and correlations between improvement in patients' QoL and efficacy measures in the phase 3 RELIEF study. METHODS: QoL measures included Behçet's Disease QoL (BDQoL), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey V.2 (SF-36v2) Physical/Mental Component Summary (PCS/MCS) and eight subscale scores, focusing on Physical Functioning (PF). Pearson's correlation coefficients assessed relationships between efficacy endpoints (oral ulcer count, oral ulcer pain, Behçet's Syndrome Activity Scale (BSAS), Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF)) and QoL endpoints for apremilast at Week 12. RESULTS: Apremilast (n=104) demonstrated significantly greater improvements versus placebo (n=103) in SF-36v2 PCS (3.1 vs 0.9), MCS (4.6 vs ─0.7) and PF (2.9 vs 0.14), respectively (all p<0.05). Mild correlations were observed in improvements of SF-36v2 measures (PCS, MCS, PF) with oral ulcer count (r=-0.11, PCS), and change in oral ulcer pain from baseline (r=-0.28, PCS; r=-0.10, PF) and BSAS (r=-0.38, PCS; r=-0.20, PF; r=-0.16, MCS). Correlations among BDCAF and SF-36v2 components and BDQoL were variable. BDQoL showed mild/moderate correlations with SF-36v2 components (r=-0.18, PCS; r=-0.13, PF; r=-0.45, MCS). CONCLUSIONS: Apremilast was associated with significant improvements in QoL measures of SF-36v2 PCS, MCS and PF and BDQoL in patients with Behçet's syndrome. Correlations of improvement among QoL endpoints support the beneficial clinical effects of apremilast in Behçet's syndrome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02307513.

DOI： 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002235

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SAGE Publications  

Objective:

Severe digital ischemia, including digital ulcers and gangrene, is considered rare in patients with antisynthetase antibodies. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features of antisynthetase-positive patients complicated with digital ulcers and/or gangrene using a systematic literature review and case series in a single-center cohort.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted to identify reports describing antisynthetase-positive cases with digital ulcers and/or gangrene. Our cohort of consecutive patients with antisynthetase antibodies was stratified by the history of severe digital ischemia. Demographic and clinical features and outcomes in patients with severe digital ischemia identified in the systematic literature review and our cohort were compared with those in patients without severe digital ischemia in our cohort.

Results:

The systematic literature review revealed 12 antisynthetase-positive patients with severe digital ischemia from one case series and eight case reports. Seven (7%) of 100 patients with antisynthetase antibodies in our cohort had a record of severe digital ischemia. Severe digital ischemia was often found at presentation and was associated with the classification of systemic sclerosis with or without myositis overlap. Clinical features associated with severe digital ischemia in antisynthetase-positive patients included Raynaud’s phenomenon ( p &lt; 0.001), digital pitting scars ( p = 0.001), and nailfold capillary abnormality ( p = 0.02). Outcomes of severe digital ischemia were generally favorable with vasodilators.

Conclusion:

Severe digital ischemia is an overlooked complication in antisynthetase-positive patients. Antisynthetase antibodies should be measured in patients presenting with digital ulcers or gangrene, especially in those with systemic sclerosis phenotype and features associated with antisynthetase antibodies in the absence of systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies.

DOI： 10.1177/23971983221090857

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その他リンク： http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/23971983221090857

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: No large-scale registration study has comprehensively evaluated the activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS: The Japanese government provided us with a dataset of confirmed or suspected BD cases derived from ongoing national registration. ADL were categorized and analyzed into four categories in patients who satisfied the international criteria for BD. RESULTS: Data from 2960 patients (men, 38.9%; women, 61.1%; median age 39 years) were assessed. While 1767 patients (59.7%) had normal ADL, the others had impaired ADL comprising: limited but not assisted, 1058 (35.7%); partially assisted, 116 (3.9%); and fully assisted, 19 (0.6%). Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic ocular lesions (odds ratio (OR) 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46-2.35, p< 0.001), paralysis (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.58-3.97, p< 0.001), psychosis (OR 3.16, 95% CI 2.02-4.95, p< 0.001), and arthritis (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.44-1.99, p< 0.001) led to the risk of impaired ADL (not normal ADL). Chronic ocular lesions (OR 3.61, 95% CI 2.27-5.72, p< 0.001), paralysis (OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.87-6.30, p< 0.001), and psychosis (OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.00-6.50, p< 0.001) were related to the requirement of physical assistance (partially or fully assisted), although arthritis (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.93-2.06, p= 0.108) was not a significant factor in this model. CONCLUSION: Ocular lesion, neurological manifestations, and arthritis affected ADL. Patients with ocular lesion or neurological manifestations more frequently required physical assistance.

DOI： 10.1093/rheumatology/keab499

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: The management of elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) is challenging due to progressive functional disability, increased comorbidities, and high drug-related risks. EORA is defined as disease onset after 60 years since 1985. We assessed whether this cut-off age was optimal in a progressively ageing society. METHODS: This study used two cohorts of consecutive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients: the Nippon Medical School (NMS) cohort (n = 204) and the Keio cohort (n = 296). Clinical findings independently correlated with the age of RA onset were selected as 'EORA features' from previously reported EORA characteristics using univariable and multivariable regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off age that best selected patients with all EORA features. RESULTS: Acute onset, negative anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate were selected as 'EORA features' in both cohorts. Patients with all EORA features were more numerous with age and almost exclusively older than 65 years. The optimal EORA cut-off age was 73 years with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 in the NMS cohort and 68 with an AUC of 0.93 in the Keio cohort. In the NMS cohort, Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index and comorbidities in patients with disease onset between 60 years and the projected cut-off age were similar to those in younger-onset RA, but differed from those in patients with disease onset older than the projected cut-off age. CONCLUSION: The optimal EORA cut-off age was greater than the conventional definition, but this needs to be validated in different patient populations.

DOI： 10.1093/mr/roab013

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: Apremilast efficacy and safety was assessed in a prespecified subgroup of Japanese patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome from a Phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of apremilast (RELIEF). METHODS: The primary end point was area under the curve for number of oral ulcers during the 12-week placebo-controlled phase (AUCWk0-12). Key secondary end points were change from baseline in oral ulcer pain, complete oral ulcer resolution, and measures of disease activity and quality of life (QoL). RESULTS: Thirty-nine Japanese patients were randomised (apremilast 30 mg BID: n = 19; placebo: n = 20). Improvements at Week 12 were observed for apremilast vs. placebo in AUCWk0-12 for the number of oral ulcers (115.9 vs. 253.3; nominal P = 0.0168); 57.9% vs. 25.0% achieved complete oral ulcer resolution, 47.4% vs. 0.0% achieved oral ulcer resolution by Week 6 and maintained oral ulcer-free status for ≥6 additional weeks; mean change from baseline in BSAS was -10.5 vs. 0.5. Favourable effects were observed for apremilast vs. placebo in other secondary end points, including QoL. Clinical benefits were sustained over 28 weeks of continued apremilast treatment. Adverse events were consistent with apremilast's known safety profile. CONCLUSIONS: Apremilast reduced the number of oral ulcers and overall disease activity in this Japanese subgroup with Behçet's syndrome.

DOI： 10.1093/mr/roab008

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss clinical and pathogenic roles of HLA-B∗51 in Behçet's syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS: HLA-B∗51 remains the most important genetic factor in Behçet's syndrome, despite the recent identification of several susceptibility genes. The prevalence of HLA-B∗51 has been shown to differ among phenotype-based clinical clusters in the same patient population. HLA-B∗51 shows epistatic interaction with the susceptible allele of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)1 encoding the Hap10 allotype, which has the lowest trimming activity of the MHC-Class I binding peptides. Subsequent molecular studies have suggested that the disease-associated Hap10 allotype is implicated in the generation and selection of the disease protective or promoting peptides loading onto HLA-B∗51, although these pathogenic peptides have yet to be identified. SUMMARY: HLA-B∗51 is a hallmark of Behçet's syndrome but genetic markers are not very useful in the diagnosis of Behçet's syndrome. Rather, it is considered an important factor in determining clinical phenotypes in this heterogeneous condition. The epigenetic interaction of HLA-B∗51 with ERAP1 sheds light on pathogenesis.

DOI： 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000846

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: To investigate histologic features of immunological components in the primary tumor site of patients with cancer-associated myositis (CAM) by focusing on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), which play major roles in antitumor immunity. METHODS: Cancer-associated myositis patients were selected from the single-center idiopathic inflammatory myopathy cohort based on the availability of primary tumor specimens obtained before the introduction of immunomodulatory agents. Control cancer subjects without CAM were selected from the cancer tissue repository at a ratio of 1:2 matched for demographics and cancer characteristics of CAM cases. A series of immunohistochemical analyses was conducted using sequential tumor sections. TLS was defined as an ectopic lymphoid-like structure composed of DC-LAMP+ mature dendritic cells, CD23+ follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and PNAd+ high endothelial venules. TLS distribution was classified into the tumor center, invasive margin, and peritumoral area. RESULTS: Six CAM patients and 12 matched non-CAM controls were eligible for the study. There was no apparent difference in the density or distribution of TILs between the groups. TLSs were found in 3 CAM patients (50%) and 4 non-CAM controls (33%). TLSs were exclusively located at the tumor center or invasive margin in CAM cases but were mainly found in the peritumoral area in non-CAM controls. FDCs and class-switched B cells colocalized with follicular helper T cells were abundantly found in the germinal center-like area of TLSs from CAM patients compared with those from non-CAM controls. CONCLUSION: The adaptive immune response within TLSs in the primary tumor site might contribute to the pathogenic process of CAM.

DOI： 10.3389/fmed.2022.1066858

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: Approximately 30%-60% of Behçet's disease patients exhibit joint symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of such patients in Japan. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed 151 Behçet's disease patients with joint symptoms who had been treated at seven cooperative medical institutions from 2007 to 2017. We investigated their clinical characteristics and treatments. RESULTS: The most commonly affected joints were the knee, ankle, and proximal interphalangeal joints. Of the cases with pain and swelling, 18 of 293 joints (11 cases) displayed narrowing of the cleft or deformity by Xray analysis. Improvement in their arthritis was observed in 80% of the patients who received steroids as initial treatment; however, the rate of improvement was lower in patients who had received prednisolone (PSL) at <10 mg/day. The recurrence of joint symptoms was significantly less common in the colchicine group than in the PSL group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PSL is effective for remission induction for the treatment of joint symptoms of Behçet's disease, though it may not be effective at low doses. Additionally, colchicine is effective in preventing the recurrence of joint symptoms in Behçet's disease. Furthermore, joint damages like joint space narrowing or with any deformity can often be observed in Behçet's disease patients in Japan.

DOI： 10.1093/mr/roab092

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of apremilast for oral ulcers, extra-oral manifestations, and overall disease activity in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science Core Collection. Studies assessing the treatment effects of apremilast in BD were included. The odds ratios (ORs) of being symptom free for individual manifestations and mean difference (MD) of Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) scores were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at 12 and 24 weeks using a random-model meta-analysis. RESULTS: Of 259 screened articles, eight were included. After 12 weeks of apremilast treatment the OR of symptom-free was as followings: oral ulcers, 45.76 (95% CI, 13.23-158.31); genital ulcers, 4.56 (95% CI, 2.47-8.44); erythema nodosum, 3.59 (95% CI, 1.11-11.61); pseudofolliculitis, 2.81 (95% CI, 1.29-6.15); and arthritis, 3.55 (95% CI, 1.71-7.40). Furthermore, BDCAF scores at 12 weeks were significantly reduced (MD=-1.38; -1.78 to -0.99). However, the proportion of oral-ulcer free patients increased at 24 weeks (OR=14.88; 4.81 to 46.07). CONCLUSION: The currently accumulated data indicates an improvement in mucocutaneous and articular symptoms by short-term apremilast treatment in patients with BD.

DOI： 10.1093/mr/roab098

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology  

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of apremilast for the oral ulcers associated with Behçet's syndrome (BS) up to 64 weeks. METHODS: The phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled RELIEF study randomised adult patients with active BS to placebo or apremilast 30 mg twice daily for 12 weeks, followed by an extension phase with all patients receiving apremilast through Week 64 and 4-week post-treatment follow-up (upon treatment discontinuation). The primary endpoint was area under the curve for the number of oral ulcers over 12 weeks (AUCWk0-12), reflecting the number of oral ulcers over time and accounting for their recurring-remitting course. Oral ulcer number, complete and partial responses, pain and disease activity and quality of life (QoL) were also assessed throughout the study. RESULTS: A total of 207 participants were randomised and received at least one dose of study medication; 178 entered the extension phase and 143 completed Week 64. AUCWk0-12 was significantly lower with apremilast versus placebo (p<0.0001), and oral ulcers number, pain, complete/partial responses, disease activity and QoL with apremilast versus placebo showed improvements at Week 12, which were maintained through Week 64. The most common adverse events were diarrhoea, nausea, headache and upper respiratory tract infection; no new safety concerns were observed with longer-term apremilast exposure. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with oral ulcers associated with BS, apremilast was efficacious and benefits were sustained up to 64 weeks with continued treatment. Apremilast was well tolerated, and safety was consistent with its known safety profile.

DOI： 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/ra8ize

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本脈管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本医科大学医学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of JC virus (JCV). Typical PML shows confluent, bilateral but asymmetric, subcortical lesions in the supratentorial white matter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here a 50-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with lymphoma who developed PML with atypical brain MRI findings limited to the infratentorial area at presentation. She presented with numbness on the right side of the face, including her tongue, clumsiness of the right hand, and gait disturbance, after completion of remission induction therapy for lymphoma, including rituximab. Brain MRI demonstrated a solitary lesion limited to the cerebellum and brainstem, but a definitive diagnosis could not be made from cerebrospinal fluid study or tentative histologic evaluation of brain biopsy specimens. Despite methylprednisolone pulse therapy, her neurological deficits progressively worsened. One month later, in-depth analysis of her cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsy specimens confirmed the presence of JCV. Eventually, the localized unilateral crescent-shaped cerebellar lesions on MRI expanded to the contralateral cerebellum, middle cerebellar hemisphere, pons, and midbrain and finally developed multifocal invasion into the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres. Our case suggests that PML could first present with a solitary infratentorial lesion in immunocompromised patients.

DOI： 10.1080/24725625.2021.1899763

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: To determine the real-world short-term efficacy and safety of apremilast for Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS: The study included patients who received apremilast for refractory oral ulcers in addition to meeting International Study Group criteria for BD or the revised International Criteria for Behçet's Disease. To assess the efficacy of apremilast, Behçet's disease current activity form (BDCAF) and patients' self-perception of their disease activity were monitored for three months. The disease phenotypes, laboratory data, concomitant medication use, and adverse events were also investigated. RESULTS: Fourteen BD patients were included in the study. Concomitant drug use were as follows: colchicine 92.9%, prednisolone 21.4%, immunosuppressants 28.6%, and tumor-necrosis inhibitor 14.3%. Oral ulcers and BDCAF scores at 3 months showed significant improvement compared to baseline. Adverse events during the study were diarrhea (n = 3, 21.4%), nausea (n = 3, 21.4%), music hallucination (n = 1, 7.1%), and branch retinal vein occlusion (n = 1, 7.1%). Apremilast was discontinued in 1 patient (7.1%) due to nausea. CONCLUSION: Significant improvement in oral ulcer and BDCAF with apremilast was confirmed in real-world BD patients after 3 months. The combination of colchicine and apremilast appears to be well tolerated in BD in the short-term.

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2020.1830504

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that Behçet's disease (BD) consists of several clinical subtypes with different severity, resulting in heterogeneity of the disease. Here, we conducted a study to identify clinical clusters of BD. METHODS: A total of 657 patients registered in the Yokohama City University (YCU) regional BD registry between 1990 and 2018, as well as 6754 patients who were initially registered in the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) database between 2003 and 2014, were investigated. The YCU registry data regarding the clinical manifestations of BD, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) status, treatments, and hospitalizations were analyzed first, followed by similar analyses of the MHLW for validation. A hierarchical cluster analysis was independently performed in both patient groups. RESULTS: A hierarchical cluster analysis determined five independent clinical clusters in the YCU cohort. Individual counterparts of the YCU clusters were confirmed in the MHLW registry. Recent phenotypical evolutions of BD in Japan, such as increased gastrointestinal (GI) involvement, reduced complete type according to the Japan Criteria, and reduced HLA-B51 positivity were associated with chronologically changing proportions of the clinical clusters. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified independent clinical clusters among BD patients in Japan and found that the proportion of each cluster varied over time. We propose five independent clusters namely "mucocutaneous", "mucocutaneous with arthritis", "neuro", "GI", and "eye."

DOI： 10.1186/s13075-020-02406-6

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2019.1705538

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objective Brain parenchymal involvement in Behçet's disease (BD) (neuro-Behçet's disease, NB) can be classified into acute type (ANB) and chronic progressive type (CPNB) based on differences in the clinical course and responses to corticosteroid treatment. The present study developed evidence-based recommendations for the management of NB.Methods The task force of the research subcommittee consisted of seven board-certified rheumatologists (one was also a board-certified neurologist) and three board-certified neurologists. First, several clinical questions (CQs) were established. A systematic literature search was performed by The Japan Medical Library Association in order to develop recommendations. The final recommendations for each CQ developed from three blind Delphi rounds, for which the rate of agreement scores [range 1 (strongly disagree)-5(strongly agree)] was determined through voting by the task force.Results A flow chart of the algorithm was established for the management of ANB and CPNB. Thirteen recommendations were developed for NB (general 1, ANB 7, CPNB 5). The strength of each recommendation was established based on the evidence level as well as the rate of agreement.Conclusion The recommendations generated in this study are based on the results of uncontrolled evidence from open trials, retrospective cohort studies and expert opinions, due to the lack of randomized clinical trials. Nevertheless, these recommendations can be used for international studies, although verification by further properly designed controlled clinical trials is required.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.4705-20

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本結核・非結核性抗酸菌症学会関東支部学会・日本呼吸器学会関東地方会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objectives: Although intensive immunosuppressive treatment is necessary for the severe cases with polymyositis (PM)/dermatomyositis (DM), the prognostic factors or disease activity indices for PM/DM have not been established. Here we investigated the association between serum microRNA-1 (miR-1) level and clinical course of patients with PM/DM.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed baseline clinical and laboratory findings, treatment regimens and outcomes in patients with PM/DM. The serum samples were collected from PM/DM patients and healthy controls (HC). Serum miR-1 levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR.Results: Twenty-two patients were recruited. The average serum miR-1 level was significantly higher in the PM/DM as compared to HC (p = .0085) and was decreased by treatment (p = .032). We divided the PM/DM-ILD patients into two groups, high and normal miR-1 groups. Although there were no significant differences in the clinical data and the initial prednisolone (PSL) dose between the two groups, PSL dose at 16 weeks, cumulative PSL dose until 16 weeks, and frequency of serious infections were significantly higher in the high miR-1 group as compared to the normal group (p = .025, .036, and .026, respectively).Conclusion: We propose serum miR-1 as a promising novel biomarker for predicting therapeutic response in PM/DM-ILD.

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2019.1661584

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Behçet's disease (BD) is an intractable systemic inflammatory disease characterized by four main symptoms: oral and genital ulcers and ocular and cutaneous involvement. The Japanese diagnostic criteria of BD classify intestinal BD as a specific disease type. Volcano-shaped ulcers in the ileocecum are a typical finding of intestinal BD, and punched-out ulcers can be observed in the intestine or esophagus. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were first approved for the treatment of intestinal BD in Japan and have been used as standard therapy. In 2007 and 2014, the Japan consensus statement for the diagnosis and management of intestinal BD was established. Recently, evidence-based JSBD (Japanese Society for BD) Clinical Practice Guidelines for BD (Japanese edition) were published, and the section on intestinal BD was planned to be published in English. Twenty-eight important clinical questions (CQs) for diagnosis (CQs 1-6), prognosis (CQ 7), monitoring and treatment goals (CQs 8-11), medical management and general statement (CQs 12-13), medical treatment (CQs 14-22), and surgical treatment (CQs 23-25) of BD and some specific situations (CQs 26-28) were selected as unified consensus by the members of committee. The statements and comments were made following a search of published scientific evidence. Subsequently, the levels of recommendation were evaluated based on clinical practice guidelines in the Medical Information Network Distribution Service. The degree of agreement was calculated using anonymous voting. We also determined algorithms for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for intestinal BD. The present guidelines will facilitate decision making in clinical practice.

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-020-01690-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2019.1649103

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2019.1696504

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0773

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The small-molecule phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast modulates cytokines that are up-regulated in Behçet&#039;s syndrome. In a phase 2 trial involving patients with Behçet&#039;s syndrome, apremilast reduced the incidence and severity of oral ulcers. Data on the efficacy and safety of apremilast in patients with Behçet&#039;s syndrome who had active oral ulcers and had not previously received biologic agents are limited.In a phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had Behçet&#039;s syndrome with active oral ulcers but no major organ involvement to receive either apremilast at a dose of 30 mg or placebo, administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks, followed by a 52-week extension phase. The primary end point was the area under the curve (AUC) for the total number of oral ulcers during the 12-week placebo-controlled period (with lower values indicating fewer ulcers). There were 13 secondary end points, including complete response of oral ulcers, change from baseline in pain associated with oral ulcers, disease activity, and change from baseline in the Behçet&#039;s Disease Quality of Life score (range, 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater impairment in qualit

DOI： 10.1056/NEJMoa1816594

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2018.1494501

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1111/1756-185X.13573

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

This study aimed to identify patients with high-probability of ocular involvement of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD).The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare provided dataset of ongoing nationwide BD registration project. A patient who had confirmed BD and who was suspected to have BD was registered. We mainly analyzed newly registered patients who had the data for all demographic and diagnostic parameters regardless of fulfilment of any diagnostic criteria.Among 3213 patients with confirmed or possible BD, 1382 (43.0%) were men and 1831 (57.0%) were women with a median age of 38 years (interquartile range (IQR) 30-49 years). The median duration between onset and registration was 0 year (IQR 0-3). A binomial multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that being female (odds ratio (OR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.75, p &lt; .001), duration since onset (OR 1.33 per 10 years, 95% CI 1.18-1.51, p &lt; .001), genital ulceration (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.23-0.34, p &lt; .001), and gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.30-0.44, p &lt; .001) were related to the ocular lesion. Analyses based on data of 2800 patients who satisfied International criteria of BD, ag

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2018.1457424

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記述言語：英語  

We clarify clinical characteristics of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myositis.In 13 of 15 cases with ICI-induced myositis, the type of malignancy was melanoma. Eight, 4, and 3 patients received anti-PD-1 alone, anti-CTLA4 alone, and a combination of those, respectively. The mean period to the onset of ICI-induced myositis from the initiation of ICI was 4 weeks. Myocarditis was a complication in five patients. Seven of the patients died. The causes of death were myocarditis in three patients, respiratory muscle paralysis in two patients, and cancer progression in two patients. In patients without myocarditis or respiratory muscle paralysis, the prognosis for myositis was favorable with normalization of the CK levels occurring upon the cessation of ICI and the administration of immunosuppressive agents. Myocarditis and respiratory muscle paralysis are the major causes of death as immune-related adverse events in patients with ICI-induced myositis.

DOI： 10.1007/s11926-019-0811-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: TRIM21 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase for interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) that are involved in innate and acquired immunity. Here, we evaluated the role of TRIM21 in the interferon (IFN) signature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Twenty SLE patients and 24 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. We analyzed mRNA expression of TRIM21, type I IFN, and IFN-inducible genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). The protein levels of IRFs were assessed by Western blotting in PBMCs cultured with or without MG-132. RESULTS: The expression of TRIM21 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in SLE PBMCs as compared to healthy controls. There was a correlation between TRIM21 mRNA expression and SLE activities. In contrast to a negative correlation between mRNA expression level of TRIM21 and those of type I IFNs in healthy controls, we found a positive correlation between them in anti-TRIM21 antibody-positive SLE patients. Neither positive nor negative correlation was observed in the autoantibody-negative SLE patients. Western-blotting analysis revealed impaired ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of IRFs in SLE PBMCs. CONCLUSION: Our study showed ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of IRFs was impaired in anti-TRIM21 antibody-dependent and -independent fashions, leading to amplification of IFN signature in SLE.

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2018.1436028

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-540-75387-2_66

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Low C-C chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) and interleukin (IL)-10 expression is associated with risk of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD). The objective of the present study was to clarify the pathological roles of CCR1 and IL10 loci identified by previous BD genome-wide association studies (GWASs).M1 and M2 macrophages (Mφ) were differentiated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) from peripheral monocytes of healthy control subjects (HC) and patients with BD. Expression of CD68 and CD163 was evaluated to test for Mφ polarization. CCR1 and IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression was compared according to CCR1 and IL10 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes. The migratory ability of M1 and M2 Mφ toward CCR1 ligand macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α was compared. The ratio of M1 and M2 Mφ in skin lesions of BD and systemic sclerosis (SSc), which was reported to be M2 Mφ-dominant, was compared. To examine the plasticity of polarized Mφ, the differentiated cells were cultured with either the same or the other culture condition.Preferential expression of CD163, CCR1, and IL-10 was found in M2 Mφ compared wit

DOI： 10.1186/s13075-018-1613-0

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BioMed Central Ltd.  

BACKGROUND: Innate immunity including macrophages (Mϕ) in lupus nephritis (LN) has been gaining attention, but roles of Mϕ in LN remain uncertain. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine CD68, CD163, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 (a stress-inducible heme-degrading enzyme with anti-inflammatory property), pSTAT1, and CMAF-expressing Mϕ in the glomeruli of patients with LN. Effects of type I interferons on the expression levels of CD163, HO-1, BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1; a transcriptional HO-1 repressor), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 by human M2-like Mϕ, which were differentiated in vitro from peripheral monocytes with macrophage colony-stimulating factor, were assessed by RT-PCR and immunocytostaining. Clinical manifestations, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and local HO-1 expression were compared in Bach1-deficient and wild-type MRL/lpr mice. RESULTS: The number of glomerular M2-like Mϕ correlated with the amounts of proteinuria in patients with LN. Unlike monocyte-derived M2-like Mϕ, HO-1 expression was defective in the majority of glomerular M2-like Mϕ of patients with LN. Stimulation of human M2-like Mϕ with type I interferons led to reduced HO-1 expression and increased Bach1 and IL-6 expression. Bach1-deficient MRL/lpr mice exhibited increased HO-1 expression in kidneys, prolonged survival, reduced urine proteins, and serum blood urea nitrogen levels, but serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels were comparable. Increased expression of CD163 and HO-1 was found in peritoneal Mϕ from Bach1-deficient MRL/lpr mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that dysregulated M2-like Mϕ play a proinflammatory role in LN. Bach1 is a potential therapeutic target that could restore the anti-inflammatory property of M2 Mϕ.

DOI： 10.1186/s13075-018-1568-1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BioMed Central Ltd.  

BACKGROUND: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the principal cause of death in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). Here we investigated prognostic factors for death and serious infection in PM/DM-ILD using the multicenter database. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory findings, treatment regimens and outcomes in patients with PM/DM-ILD. The distribution of ILD lesions was evaluated in four divided lung zones of high-resolution computed tomography images. RESULTS: Of 116 patients with PM/DM-ILD, 14 died within 6 months from the diagnosis. As independent risk factors for early death, extended ILD lesions in upper lung fields (odds ratio (OR) 8.01, p = 0.016) and hypocapnia (OR 6.85, p = 0.038) were identified. Serious infection was found in 38 patients, including 11 patients who died of respiratory or multiple infections. The independent risk factors were high serum KL-6 (OR 3.68, p = 0.027), high initial dose of prednisolone (PSL) (OR 4.18, p = 0.013), and combination immunosuppressive therapies (OR 5.51, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study shows the progression of ILD at baseline is the most critical for survival and that infection, especially respiratory infection, is an additive prognostic factor under the potent immunosuppressive treatment.

DOI： 10.1186/s13075-017-1506-7

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

This report aimed to scrutinize the prevalence of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD)-related clinical manifestations based on age- and sex-specific subgroups using a Japanese nationwide registration database.The database of newly registered BD was obtained from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Patients who met the International Criteria for Behçet&#039;s Disease were selected and analysed.Among 6627 International Criteria for Behçet&#039;s Disease cases, 2651 (40.0%) were men and 3976 (60.0%) were women with a median age of 39 years (interquartile range: 31-50 years). Ocular lesion was more common in male [odds ratio (male: female) 2.64 (95% CI: 2.35, 2.95, P &lt; 0.001)] and genital ulceration was more common in female (odds ratio = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.32, P &lt; 0.001). Ocular lesion (P &lt; 0.001), arthritis (P &lt; 0.001) and vascular lesions (P &lt; 0.001) were more frequently observed in elderly registered patients. Contrarily, genital ulceration (P &lt; 0.001), epididymitis of males (P = 0.023) and oral ulceration (P = 0.003) were more common in younger patients. Simultaneous assessment of sex and age revealed that male predominance of ocular involvement was found in the young adult generat

DOI： 10.1093/rheumatology/kex285

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Neuro-Behçet&#039;s disease (NBD) is subcategorized into parenchymal-NBD (P-NBD) and non-parenchymal-NBD types. Recently, P-NBD has been further subdivided into acute P-NBD (A-P-NBD) and chronic progressive P-NBD (CP-P-NBD). Although an increasing number of studies have reported the various clinical features of A-P-NBD and CP-P-NBD over the last two decades, there was a considerable inconsistency. Two investigators systematically searched four electrical databases to detect studies that provided sufficient data to assess the specific characteristics of A-P-NBD and CP-P-NBD. All meta-analysis was carried out by employing the random-model generic inverse variance method. We included 11 reports consisted of 184 A-P-NBD patients and 114 CP-P-NBD patients. While fever (42% for A-P-NBD, 5% for CP-P-NBD, p &lt; 0.001, I = 93%) was more frequently observed in A-P-NBD cases; sphincter disturbances (9%, 34%, P = 0.005, I = 87%), ataxia (16%, 57%, P &lt; 0.001, I = 92%), dementia (7%, 61%, P &lt; 0.001, I = 97%), confusion (5%, 18%, P = 0.04, I = 76%), brain stem atrophy on MRI (4%, 75%, P &lt; 0.001, I = 98%), and abnormal MRI findings in cerebellum (7%, 54%,

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-017-09938-z

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Blackwell Publishing Ltd  

Thymoma-associated multi-organ autoimmunity disease (TAMA) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder, clinicopathologically similar to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Many reported cases follow a difficult course; half of them die from serious infectious diseases subsequent to immunosuppression induced by chemotherapy for unresectable thymoma, or intensive therapies including systemic steroids for complicating autoimmune diseases and GVHD-like symptoms. We report a patient whose skin symptoms were improved subsequently to total thymectomy. The patient also presented with hypogammaglobulinemia, which led to the diagnosis of complicated Good syndrome. Taking account of her immunodeficient condition, antibiotics and i.v. immunoglobulin were administrated promptly on onset of bacterial pneumonia, which was successfully treated. According to a review of the published work, treatments with systemic steroids for skin symptoms have limited effects and may contribute to serious infection. Our case indicates that successful treatment of thymoma itself may lead to the amelioration of the disease. The management priority should be given to the treatment of thymoma and the control of subsequent immune abnormality other than GVHD-like erythroderma.

DOI： 10.1111/1346-8138.13777

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Taylor and Francis Ltd  

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether on-demand ultrasonography (US) assessment alongside a routine examination is useful in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: US was performed in eight (bilateral MCP 2, 3, wrist and knee) joints as the routine in a cumulative total of 406 RA patients. The most symptomatic joint other than the routine joints was additionally scanned. Power Doppler (PD) and gray-scale images were scored semiquantitatively. Eight-joint scores were calculated as the sum of individual scores for the routine joints. RESULTS: The most symptomatic joint was found among the routine joints in 209 patients (Group A) and in other joints in 148 (Group B). The PD scores of the most symptomatic joint correlated well with the 8-joint scores in Group A (rs = 0.66), but not in Group B (rs = 0.33). The sensitivity and specificity of assessment of the most symptomatic joint for routine assessment positivity were high (84.0% and 100%, respectively) in Group A, but low (50.0% and 61.8%, respectively) in Group B. Additional examination detected synovitis in 38% of Group B with negative results in the routine. CONCLUSIONS: On-demand US assessment in the most symptomatic joint, combined with the routine assessment, is useful for detecting RA synovitis.

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2016.1206173

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

It has been suggested that the phenotypes of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) in Japan are changing. To ask whether the evolution of BD holds true in recent-onset cases in Japan, we performed a retrospective study.We reviewed the records of 578 patients with BD who met the 1987 revised diagnostic criteria of the Behçet&#039;s disease research committee of Japan. The patients were divided into three groups based on the date of disease onset. We compared the demography, clinical features, and treatments among them with or without adjustment for the observation period. Patients having oral ulcers, genital ulcers, regional skin involvement, and uveitis are categorized as having complete-type BD, and the associated factors were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Male patients had a higher propensity for uveitis and central nervous system (CNS) involvement, whereas female patients had higher rates of genital ulcers and arthritis. We found a significant trend in reduction of complete-type, genital ulcer, HLA-B51 carriers, and increment of gastrointestinal BD over time. Multiple regression analysis identified HLA-B51 positivity, earlier date of disease onset, and youn

DOI： 10.1186/s13075-016-1115-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

To evaluate the clinical value of capsule endoscopy (CE) in patients with intestinal Behçet&#039;s disease (BD).The present study was a case-control pilot study conducted in intestinal BD patients and healthy volunteers. A total of 19 patients with intestinal BD (intestinal BD group) and 19 healthy volunteers (control group) matched for age and sex were enrolled. Frequency, number of small bowel lesions per subject, and Lewis score were comparatively evaluated between the two groups.Of the 19 patients with intestinal BD, 18 (94.7%) had reddened lesions, 15 (78.9%) had erosions, and nine (47.4%) had ulcers. There were significant differences in the frequency of reddened lesions (P &lt; 0.0001), erosions (P &lt; 0.0001) and ulcers (P = 0.0011) between the two groups. The difference in the number of small bowel lesions between the two groups was also statistically significant. The median Lewis score in the intestinal BD group was significantly higher than that in the control group (intestinal BD group 237 (0-768) vs. control group 8 (0-135); P &lt; 0.0001). Analysis according to the location in the small bowel revealed that the frequency of ulcers tended to increase towards the dis

DOI： 10.1111/den.12552

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Japanese Society of Internal Medicine  

Multifocal fibrosclerosis (MFS), which causes systemic and chronic connective tissue inflammation, has been associated with IgG4 and regarded as an identical entity with "IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)". Although a few cases of MFS mimicking IgG4-RD histopathologically, despite the absence of a serum IgG4 elevation and IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration, have been reported, there is, so far, little information regarding such exceptional cases. We herein demonstrate a case of non-IgG4-related MFS presenting with periaortitis and parotiditis, whose histological findings were consistent with IgG4-RD despite the absence of elevated serum and tissue IgG4 levels.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.6297

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

OBJECTIVE: To examine clinical utility of (18)F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/CT for assessment of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). METHODS: A total of 69 (18)F-FDG PET/CT scans were conducted under deep inspiratory breath hold (DIBH) conditions in 45 CTD patients with ILD, including 16 dermatomyositis/polymyositis, nine systemic scleroderma and seven rheumatoid arthritis. Intensity and distribution of (18)F-FDG signals in PET/CT were determined by standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and visual score in 18 regions, respectively. ILD was defined as active when immunosuppressive therapy was initiated or intensified. RESULTS: Both SUVmax and visual score were higher in active phase (n = 32) than inactive phase (n = 37) (both p < 0.05), regardless of the underlying CTD and plain CT findings. The both parameters reduced after initiating or intensifying treatment in the follow-up study of 17 active patients except two died patients who showed increased visual score. Another two died patients showed high visual score (15 and 6/18, respectively). Changing ratio of visual score, but not SUVmax was correlated with KL-6 (r(2) = 0.38, p < 0.05) and CRP (r(2) = 0.52, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The DIBH (18)F-FDG PET/CT procedure sensitively illustrates active ILD lesions in CTD and the extended signal distribution is associated with unfavorable clinical outcome.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2015.1054099

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Taylor and Francis Ltd  

OBJECTIVE: To compare the findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-affected joints between (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and (18)F-fluoride (NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). METHODS: We enrolled twelve RA patients who started a new biologic agent (naïve 9 and switch 3). At entry, both hands were examined by (18)F-FDG PET/CT, (18)F-NaF PET/CT, and X-ray. Intensity of PET signals was determined by standardized uptake value max (SUVmax) in metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and ulnar, medial, and radial regions of the wrists. Hand X-rays were evaluated according to the Genant-modified Sharp score at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: Both (18)F-FDG and (18)F-NaF accumulated in RA-affected joints. The SUVmax of (18)F-FDG correlated with that of (18)F-NaF in individual joints (r = 0.65), though detail distribution was different between two tracers. (18)F-NaF and (18)F-FDG signals were mainly located in the bone and the surrounding soft tissues, respectively. The sum of SUVmax of (18)F-NaF correlated with disease activity score in 28 joint (DAS28), modified health assessment questionnaire (MHAQ), and radiographic progression. (18)F-FDG and (18)F-NaF signals were associated with the presence of erosions, particularly progressive ones. CONCLUSION: Our data show that both (18)F-FDG and (18)F-NaF PET signals were associated with RA-affected joints, especially those with ongoing erosive changes.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2015.1069458

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BioMed Central Ltd.  

DOI： 10.1186/1546-0096-13-S1-P166

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Informa Healthcare  

OBJECTIVES: The safety and efficacy of rituximab were examined in a multicenter open-label pilot study in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in Japan. METHODS: Patients with refractory AAV were administered a rituximab infusion at a weekly dose of 375 mg/m(2) for 4 weeks. All patients also received oral daily prednisolone. The primary outcome was complete remission, which was defined as a Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) of 0 or 1. RESULTS: The mean age of the 7 patients was 57 (range, 34-71) years. The mean follow-up period after rituximab treatment was 62.9 (range, 4.8-81) months. The mean BVAS at entry was 16.7 (range, 2-34). Complete remission occurred in all cases, except in 1 case in which the patient died, with a significant decline in BVAS from baseline at 12 months after initiation of rituximab. Rituximab reduced granulomatous orbital involvement in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Relapse occurred in five patients. Adverse events included de novo hepatitis B in one patient, cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer) in two patients, and transient visual disturbance, atypical mycobacterial infection, urinary tract infection, sepsis, and cytomegalovirus infection. Two patients died due to recurrent infections and airway obstruction, caused by an AAV lesion. CONCLUSIONS: Rituximab had a beneficial effect on refractory AAV in Japanese patients, but several adverse effects occurred during rituximab treatment.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2014.981945

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Informa Healthcare  

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the optimal number and combination of joints to be assessed by power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in daily practice for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: PDUS were performed in 24 joints, including all proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and bilateral wrist and knee joints in 234 patients with RA. PD signals were scored semiquantitatively from 0 to 3 in each joint, and total PD score-24 was calculated by summing them up as comprehensive assessment. RESULTS: Positive PD signals were more frequently found in bilateral wrist, knee, and the second and third MCP joints than the other joints. The individual PD scores of these 8 joints also showed higher correlation coefficients with total PD score-24 (rs ≥ 0.4). Among the sum PD scores of various selected joint combinations, the score of the combination of 8 joints (total PD score-8), including bilateral second and third MCP, wrist, and knee joints, showed the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value (98.1% and 96.2%, respectively). Total PD score-8 showed high correlation with the total PD score-24 (rs = 0.97, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Total PD score-8 is simple and efficient enough for monitoring disease activity and judging imaging remission of RA in daily practice.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2014.974305

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: Chronic progressive neuro-Behcet's disease (CPNBD) is characterized by progressive deterioration leading to disability and death. Although methotrexate has been found effective for CPNBD, its influences on the long-term outcome remain unclear. We therefore explored the effects of various treatments on the prognosis. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients, who met the international classification criteria for BD and developed chronic progressive neuropsychiatric manifestations after 1988, were followed up until October 2013. The effects of various treatments on prevention of death or severe disability of bedridden state were examined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox's proportional hazard model. RESULTS: Twenty-eight of 37 patients with CPNBD (75.7%) received methotrexate. Among the 28 patients, none died and only 5 patients progressed to disability with bedridden state. By contrast, among the 9 patients without methotrexate, 5 patients died and 3 patients progressed to bedridden state. Thus, methotrexate significantly improved the survival of patients with CPNBD (HR 0.0507, p=0.020) as well as reduced the rate of progression into bedridden state or death (HR 0.2082, p=0.0126), but none of high doses of steroids, azathioprine or cyclophosphamide did. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that methotrexate, but not high doses of steroids, azathioprine or cyclophosphamide, is effective to prevent the progression of CPNBD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jns.2015.01.005

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記述言語：英語  

For the purpose of investigating Behcet&#039;s disease (BD) in Russia, 250 consecutive patients (177 men and 73 women) diagnosed with BD between 1990 and 2010 at the Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in Moscow were enrolled in this study. The ethnic backgrounds of the patients were reported as follows: 23.2% (58 cases) from Russia, 12.8% (32 cases) from Azerbaijan, 14.4% (36 cases) from Armenia, 8.8% (22 cases) from Chechnya, and 21.6% (55 cases) from Dagestan. The remaining 19.2% (48 cases) were from other regions or of unknown origin. More than half (57.6%) of the Behcet&#039;s disease patients originated from Central Asia, specifically Azerbaijan, Armenia, Chechnya, and Dagestan. The mean age at disease onset was 31.5 ± 9.38 (13-60) years old, and the most typical initial manifestations were oral aphthous ulcers. Patients aged 20-39 years old were more commonly affected and displayed a wide clinical spectrum of the disease, with varieties of severe internal organ involvement. The manifestations observed throughout the course of the disease included oral aphthous ulcers (100%), various cutaneous lesions (88.8%), genital ulcers (81.2%), and ocula

DOI： 10.1007/s10067-013-2442-9

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文  

© Springer Japan 2015. Vascular involvement is found in 6.3–51.6 % of the patients with Behçet’s disease (BD). It can be serious in some patients, especially in young-aged male patients. The lesions are distributed in the both arterial and venous systems, regardless of the size. Deep vein thrombosis (DVP) is the most characteristic, whereas superfi cial thrombophlebitis is considered as one of the cutaneous symptoms. DVP is located in any anatomical site, including superior and inferior vena cava, cerebral sinus, hepatic veins, and so on. Arterial lesions typically form aneurysms and occlusion. Peripheral arterial and pulmonary arterial aneurysms often lead to lethal events, whereas the occlusive lesions are negatively associated with remission. Cardiac involvement is also critical, though the incidence is rare. These lesions are illustrated by various imaging modalities such as angiography, CT scan, ultrasonography, MRI, and PET. Because inflammation is the most important of underlying pathological changes in any type of vascular lesions, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are used as fi rst-line therapies. Recent reports have suggested that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are promising as an option. Surgical operation is necessary for impending rupture of aneurysm, though the procedures are frequently complicated with postoperative recurrence of aneurysm and occlusions. Endovascular intervention is an alternative with a lower incidence of complications. Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelets is controversial, because clinical Efficacy of the agents has not been proven, and they may increase risk of fatal hemoptysis from pulmonary arterial aneurysms which frequently coexists.

DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-54487-6_5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier Inc.  

DOI： 10.1016/j.psym.2013.07.001

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文   出版者・発行元：Springer Japan  

We review four cases of Behçet’s disease patients with serious organ involvement. Case 1 developed an aneurysm in the left subclavian artery, which was successfully treated with emergent endovascular intervention followed by infliximab. Case 2 repeated acute neurological attacks during infliximab therapy for preexisting ocular involvement. Sustained elevation of IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid suggested transition to chronic progressive type of neuro-Behçet’s disease. Cases 3 and 4 had surgical operations for intestinal perforation of ileocecal ulcers. Case 3 needed reoperation for anastomotic leakage, while Case 4 had a third operation in spite of treatment with infliximab and adalimumab after second operation. We have learned both potent Efficacy and limitation of anti-TNF therapy for BD patients. Lastly, we would like to show our trial to establish an animal model with disease susceptible genes which have been identified by genome-wide association study and subsequent investigation, leading to a novel therapeutic strategy for more appropriate targets in Behçet’s disease.

DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-54487-6_9

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文   出版者・発行元：Springer Japan  

Behçet’s disease is an inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral aphthae, genital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions such as erythema nodosum. Although mucocutaneous manifestations are self-limiting, ocular involvement can cause blindness. Involvement of large vessels, gastrointestinal tract, and central nervous system is less frequent but can be life-threatening and leave irreversible damage. Because of heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, a number of sets of diagnostic or classifi cation criteria have been proposed and are still being discussed. The most common causes of Behçet’s disease related death are the arterial lesions, especially pulmonary arterial aneurysm, followed by chronic progressive neurological involvement. Introduction of anti-TNF mAb has greatly contributed to improvement of visual prognosis. Treatment with biologics, including TNF blockers, is also promising for other serious clinical subtypes. Although the etiology remains unknown, both genetic and environmental factors are implicated in the development of the disease. In addition to the unique geographic distribution and familial aggregation of BD patients, recent gene-wide association studies and subsequent detail analyses have identified novel susceptible genes which are related to the immune system besides HLA-B51.

DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-54487-6_1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) is a relapsing, systemic, inflammatory disorder that affects various organ systems. Most of the manifestations of BD are self-limiting, but ocular attacks are an exception. Gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, and cardiovascular system manifestations are relatively infrequent but may be resistant to conventional immunosuppressive treatment and therefore life-threatening. Tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists are increasingly being used in patients whose BD is inadequately controlled by standard immunosuppressive regimens. Most of the current experience regarding the treatment of refractory BD involves the use of infliximab; however, adalimumab has also been successfully used in cases of BD refractory to both conventional therapy and infliximab. Compared with infliximab, adalimumab offers several other advantages, such as the ability to self-administer at home, better patient compliance, and an improved side effect profile. Here, we review clinical experience of the use of adalimumab to treat the serious manifestations of BD. Adalimumab is a promising drug for the treatment of BD, and its randomized, prospective study in a large number of patients

DOI： 10.2147/TCRM.S56163

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Objective. To determine combined evaluation of musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) and power Doppler (PD) signals, anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA), and other clinical findings improve the prediction of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods. We performed a retrospective study of 331 RA patients (female n=280 and male n=51, mean age: 57.9. +/- 3.2 years) who underwent MSUS from 2002 to 2012. Correlations with progression of joint destructions in 1,308 2nd and 3rd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and various factors including PD signals of the same joints, clinical findings, age, disease duration at the study entry, gender, observation period, radiographic bone scores according to modified Sharp-van der Heijde methods, ACPA, and rheumatoid factor (RF) were analyzed in patient-and joint-based fashions, using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and generalized linear mixed model.
Results. Patients' characteristics were as follows: mean disease duration: 5.7 +/-. 7.5 years, observation period: 4.6 +/- 2.6 years, RF positivity: 79.9%, and ACPA positivity: 77.5%. PD-positive 2nd and 3rd joints showed higher rate of joint destruction, especially in ACPA-positive patients. Moreover, PD-positive joints in ACPA-positive patients showed joint destruction even in joints without swelling. Multivariate analysis determined PD, swollen joint (SJ), observation period, basal radiographic bone scores, and ACPA as independent risks for joint destruction.
Conclusion. PD, SJ, basal radiographic bone scores, and ACPA are independent predictors for the joint destruction of 2nd and 3rd MCPs in RA; thus, considering these factors would be useful in daily practice.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2015.1026025

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Taylor and Francis Ltd  

OBJECTIVE: To determine combined evaluation of musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) and power Doppler (PD) signals, anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA), and other clinical findings improve the prediction of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 331 RA patients (female n = 280 and male n = 51, mean age: 57.9 ± 13.2 years) who underwent MSUS from 2002 to 2012. Correlations with progression of joint destructions in 1,308 2nd and 3rd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and various factors including PD signals of the same joints, clinical findings, age, disease duration at the study entry, gender, observation period, radiographic bone scores according to modified Sharp-van der Heijde methods, ACPA, and rheumatoid factor (RF) were analyzed in patient- and joint-based fashions, using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS: Patients' characteristics were as follows: mean disease duration: 5.7 ± 7.5 years, observation period: 4.6 ± 2.6 years, RF positivity: 79.9%, and ACPA positivity: 77.5%. PD-positive 2nd and 3rd joints showed higher rate of joint destruction, especially in ACPA-positive patients. Moreover, PD-positive joints in ACPA-positive patients showed joint destruction even in joints without swelling. Multivariate analysis determined PD, swollen joint (SJ), observation period, basal radiographic bone scores, and ACPA as independent risks for joint destruction. CONCLUSION: PD, SJ, basal radiographic bone scores, and ACPA are independent predictors for the joint destruction of 2nd and 3rd MCPs in RA; thus, considering these factors would be useful in daily practice.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2015.1026025

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

To investigate the influences of various factors on the relapse of acute neurological attacks in patients with Behçet&#039;s disease (BD).Sixty-one patients, who met the international classification criteria for BD, had attacks of acute neuro-Behçet&#039;s disease (NBD) and could be followed up at least for 2 months, including 60 patients in our multicenter retrospective survey on BD patients in 2011. The factors associated with relapse of acute neurological attacks were assessed.Twenty-one of 61 patients had been taking cyclosporine A (CyA) at the onset of acute NBD. All the 21 patients with CyA and 33 of the 40 patients without CyA had eye involvement. There were no significant differences in demographic features, clinical symptoms, MRI findings, the need for, and responses to corticosteroid therapy including pulse therapy between patients with CyA and those without CyA. CyA was withdrawn in 19 of 21 patients with CyA. Of note, patients with CyA showed significantly lower relapse rates than those without CyA (HR 0.1283, 95% CI: 0.0788-0.7836, p = 0.0186 as calculated by log-rank test). Moreover, colchicine was found to reduce the relapse rates in patients with acute NBD without CyA (HR 0

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2014.891496

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Informa Healthcare  

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether ultrasonography (US) predicts Boolean remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who had achieved disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28)-based remission criteria. METHODS: Thirty-one RA patients in DAS28-based clinical remission were recruited. US semiquantitatively determined Gray scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) signal scores in the bilateral wrists and all metacarpophalangeals and proximal interphalangeals. Total GS score and total PD score were calculated as the sum of individual scores for each joint. RESULTS: Among 22 RA patients, who maintained DAS28 remission for 2 years, 16 met Boolean remission criteria at the end of study. Both total GS and total PD scores at baseline were significantly lower in Boolean remission group than non-remission group. There was no significant difference in other baseline parameters, including duration of disease, duration of remission, mTSS, and disease activity composite parameters between the two groups. Among the factors for Boolean remission criteria at 2 years, patient global assessment score was associated with total GS score at the entry, while swollen joint count was related to total PD score. CONCLUSIONS: Null or low grade of GS and PD findings in US are associated with achieving Boolean remission. Thus, US is essential for assessment and prediction of "deeper remission" of RA.

DOI： 10.3109/14397595.2013.857800

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We analyzed the clinical gastrointestinal (GI) characteristics of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) patients in Japan. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 412 patients who fulfilled the 1987 Japanese criteria for BD and were treated in two university hospitals from July 1991 to December 2007. Forty-three patients (10.4 %) had BD-related GI lesions, which were shown by imaging examinations. Median age at BD diagnosis and onset of GI episodes were 29.6 and 31.0 years, respectively. The patients suffered from abdominal pain (30/43) and GI bleeding (18/43), while they had lower frequency of eye involvement and higher incidence of arthritis and vascular involvement than BD patients without GI lesions. The lesions were prevalent in the ileum (32/43) followed by cecum (21/43) and esophagus (9/43). The patients were treated with mesalazine and sulfasalazine (41/43), corticosteroids (32/43), immunosuppressants (13/43), and infliximab for 7 patients having refractory lesions, while 10 patients had surgical operation. Two patients died due to non-GI events during the observation. The diagnosis of BD was often difficult because of lack of eye involvement. Surgery is required for some patie

DOI： 10.1007/s00296-013-2838-5

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Clinical evidence regarding intestinal Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) management is lacking and intestinal lesions are a poor prognostic factor. In 2007, the Japan consensus statement for diagnosis and management of intestinal BD was developed. Recently, the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and infliximab (IFX) was reported and adalimumab (ADA) was approved for intestinal BD in Japan. This study renewed consensus-based practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of intestinal BD focusing on the indication of anti-TNFα mAbs.An expert panel of Japanese gastroenterology and rheumatology specialists was involved. Clinical statements for ratings were extracted from the literature, a professional group survey, and by an expert panel discussion, which rated clinical statements on a nine-point scale. After the first round of ratings, a panelist meeting discussed areas of disagreement and clarified areas of uncertainty. The list of clinical statements was revised after the panelist meeting and a second round of ratings was conducted.Fifteen relevant articles were selected. Based on the first edition consensus statement, improved clinical statements r

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-013-0872-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Objectives: We investigated the decision-making preferences of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using two different scales: the Decision Making Preference Scale (DMPS) and the modified Control Preference Scale (CPS). In addition, we evaluated the factors associated with patients' preferences for decision-making. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire between October and December 2010 on 406 RA outpatients who consecutively visited 3 hospitals in Japan. The following variables were investigated: (1) DMPS, which is a subscale of the Autonomy Preference Index, composed of six items
patients responded on a 5-point Likert scale. (2) The modified CPS, in which patients were asked to choose one actual and one desired role in decision-making from among three options (passive role, collaborative role, and active role). (3) Sociodemographic data and RA-specific characteristics. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship between patients' preferences and selected variables. Results: The response rate was 58.6 %. There were few patients who wished to make their own decisions when they were hospitalized or illness became worse. However, the majority of patients desired to collaborate with the doctor in making treatment decisions according to the results of modified CPS. The results of modified CPS were significantly associated with the total scores of DMPS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated they younger age and not-housewife were associated with high scores of DMPS. Conclusions: Patient preferences in decision-making vary at RA outpatient clinic. Physicians need to assess decision-making preferences on an individual basis. © 2012 Japan College of Rheumatology.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-012-0761-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful means of identifying genes with disease-associated common variants, but they are not well-suited to detecting genes with disease-associated rare and low-frequency variants. In the current study of Behçet disease (BD), nonsynonymous variants (NSVs) identified by deep exonic resequencing of 10 genes found by GWAS (IL10, IL23R, CCR1, STAT4, KLRK1, KLRC1, KLRC2, KLRC3, KLRC4, and ERAP1) and 11 genes selected for their role in innate immunity (IL1B, IL1R1, IL1RN, NLRP3, MEFV, TNFRSF1A, PSTPIP1, CASP1, PYCARD, NOD2, and TLR4) were evaluated for BD association. A differential distribution of the rare and low-frequency NSVs of a gene in 2,461 BD cases compared with 2,458 controls indicated their collective association with disease. By stringent criteria requiring at least a single burden test with study-wide significance and a corroborating test with at least nominal significance, rare and low-frequency NSVs in one GWAS-identified gene, IL23R (P = 6.9 × 10(-5)), and one gene involved in innate immunity, TLR4 (P = 8.0 × 10(-4)), were associated with BD. In addition, damaging or rare damaging NOD2 variants were nominally significant ac

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.1306352110

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVES: Although "clinical remission" has been a realistic goal of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there is evidence that subclinical synovitis is associated with ongoing structural damage even after clinical remission is achieved. In the study reported here, we assessed whether ultrasonography (US) can predict progressive joint destruction during clinical remission of RA. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with RA in clinical remission based on the disease activity score in 28 joints were recruited for this study. Bilateral wrists and all of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints were examined by power Doppler (PD) ultrasonography (US), and the PD signals were scored semiquantitatively in each joint. The total PD score was calculated as the sum of individual scores for each joint. RESULTS: Among 22 RA patients who maintained clinical remission during the 2-year follow-up period, seven showed radiographic progression. Radiographic progression was strongly associated with total PD score at entry, with all patients showing radiographic progression having a total PD score of ≥ 2 at entry and none of the patients with a total PD score of ≤ 1 showing any radiographic progression. There was no significant association of therapeutic agents with progressing or non-progressing cases. CONCLUSIONS: PD-US detects synovitis causing joint destruction even when the patient is in clinical remission. Thus, remission visible on US is essential to reach "true remission" of RA.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-012-0690-1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Patients with anti-thyroid antibodies (ATAs) present various kinds of psychiatric conditions. When these psychiatric patients with ATAs (PPATs) show responsiveness to immunotherapy, they are frequently diagnosed with a diffuse progressive type of Hashimoto&#039;s encephalopathy (HE). Anti-glutamate receptor ɛ2 subunit (GluRɛ2) antibodies have previously been reported in HE patients. However, it is unclear whether there is any relationship between PPATs, including HE patients, and anti-GluRɛ2 antibodies. We investigated anti-GluRɛ2 antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 15 PPATs, and we compared the results with those of 11 patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), an anti-glutamate receptor antibody-related disease. We then compared the neuropsychiatric symptoms between the PPATs with and without anti-GluRɛ2 antibodies. The prevalence of anti-GluRɛ2 antibodies was significantly higher in the CSF than in the serum of PPATs (41.7% versus 6.7%; p=0.040). The prevalence of anti-GluRɛ2 antibodies was slightly higher in the CSF of PPATs than NPSLE patients. PPAT-GluR(+)s showed a significantly higher prevalence of emotional instability (100%

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.060

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記述言語：英語  

Individuals with Behçet&#039;s disease suffer from episodic inflammation often affecting the orogenital mucosa, skin and eyes. To discover new susceptibility loci for Behçet&#039;s disease, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 779,465 SNPs with imputed genotypes in 1,209 Turkish individuals with Behçet&#039;s disease and 1,278 controls. We identified new associations at CCR1, STAT4 and KLRC4. Additionally, two SNPs in ERAP1, encoding ERAP1 p.Asp575Asn and p.Arg725Gln alterations, recessively conferred disease risk. These findings were replicated in 1,468 independent Turkish and/or 1,352 Japanese samples (combined meta-analysis P &lt; 2 × 10(-9)). We also found evidence for interaction between HLA-B*51 and ERAP1 (P = 9 × 10(-4)). The CCR1 and STAT4 variants were associated with gene expression differences. Three risk loci shared with ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis (the MHC class I region, ERAP1 and IL23R and the MHC class I-ERAP1 interaction), as well as two loci shared with inflammatory bowel disease (IL23R and IL10) implicate shared pathogenic pathways in the spondyloarthritides and Behçet&#039;s disease.

DOI： 10.1038/ng.2520

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

To delineate the clinical characteristics of neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD), a multicenter retrospective survey was performed in BD patients who had presented any neurological manifestations between 1988 and 2008. The diagnosis of acute NBD, chronic progressive (CP) NBD, and non-NBD was confirmed by retrospective review of clinical records. Data on a total of 144 patients were collected; 76 with acute NBD, 35 with CP NBD, and 33 with non-NBD. High-intensity lesions on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were found in 60.5% of the patients with acute NBD, 54.2% with CP NBD, and 42.4% with non-NBD, whereas brainstem atrophy was observed in 7.5% with acute NBD, 71.4% with CP NBD, and 9.0% with non-NBD. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell count was prominently elevated in patients with acute NBD, but was normal in about 15% of those with CP NBD. The sensitivity and specificity of the CSF cell count for the diagnosis of acute NBD versus non-NBD were 97.4 and 97.0%, respectively (cut-off 6.2/mm(3)). The sensitivity and specificity of CSF interleukin (IL)-6 for the diagnosis of CP NBD versus the recovery phase of acute NBD were 86.7 and 94.7%, respectively (cut-off 16.55 pg/ml). The results indicate that elevation of the CSF cell count and CSF IL-6 and the presence of brainstem atrophy on MRI are useful for the diagnosis of NBD.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-011-0533-5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

To evaluate the responsiveness of power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in comparison with conventional measures of disease activity and structural damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving tocilizumab (TCZ). Seven RA patients with active arthritis were enrolled in the study and prospectively monitored for 12 months. They were treated with TCZ (8 mg/kg) every 4 weeks as monotherapy or in combination with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound examinations were conducted at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Power Doppler (PD) signals were graded from 0 to 3 in 24 joints, and total PD score was calculated as the sum of scores of individual joints. One-year radiographic progression of the hands was estimated by using Genant-modified Sharp scoring. The averages of the clinical parameters rapidly improved, and all patients achieved good response within 6 months based on standard 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28). Although the average total PD score declined in parallel with clinical improvement, radiography of the hands showed progression of destruction in the joints where PD signals remained, even among clinical responders. ΔSharp score correlated with the time-integrated value (TIV) of total PD scores (Δtotal Sharp score: r = 0.77, P = 0.04; Δerosion: r = 0.78, P = 0.04; Δjoint-space narrowing (JSN): r = 0.75, P = 0.05), but not with TIVs of clinical parameters including DAS28. PDUS can independently evaluate disease activity in RA patients receiving TCZ and is superior to DAS28, especially in predicting joint destruction.

DOI： 10.1007/s00296-011-1802-5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: Reducing inflammation and osteoclastogenesis by heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) induction could be beneficial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the function of HO-1 in bone metabolism remains unclear. This study was undertaken to clarify the effects of HO-1 and its repressor Bach1 in osteoclastogenesis. METHODS: In vitro osteoclastogenesis was compared in Bach1-deficient and wild-type mice. Osteoclasts (OCs) were generated from bone marrow-derived macrophages by stimulation with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and RANKL. Osteoclastogenesis was assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and expression of OC-related genes. Intracellular signal pathways in OC precursors were also assessed. HO-1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was transduced into Bach1(-/-) mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages to examine the role of HO-1 in osteoclastogenesis. In vivo inflammatory bone loss was evaluated by local injection of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) into calvaria. RESULTS: Transcription of HO-1 was down-regulated by stimulation with RANKL in the early stage of OC differentiation. Bach1(-/-) mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages were partially resistant to the RANKL-dependent HO-1 reduction and showed impaired osteoclastogenesis, which was associated with reduced expression of RANK and components of the downstream TNF receptor-associated factor 6/c-Fos/NF-ATc1 pathway as well as reduced expression of Blimp1. Treatment with HO-1 shRNA increased the number of OCs and expression of OC-related genes except for the Blimp1 gene during in vitro osteoclastogenesis from Bach1(-/-) mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. TNFα-induced bone destruction was reduced in Bach1(-/-) mice in vivo. CONCLUSION: The present findings demonstrate that Bach1 regulates osteoclastogenesis under inflammatory conditions, via both HO-1-dependent and HO-1-independent mechanisms. Bach1 may be worthy of consideration as a target for treatment of inflammatory bone loss in diseases including RA.

DOI： 10.1002/art.33497

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Our previous survey in 2008 revealed that only 22% of Japanese rheumatologists used musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) for patient management, because of insufficient educational opportunities. To clarify the current state of MSUS usage and to identify further challenges, we conducted a second survey between October 2010 through January 2011 by sending questionnaires to 200 randomly selected Japanese rheumatologists, consisting of 100 participants in a meeting in 2009 on imaging in rheumatic diseases and 100 board-certified rheumatologists. Among the respondents, a majority (85 and 67%, respectively) used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MSUS users had increased from 32 to 60% of meeting participants and from 11 to 27% of other rheumatologists. The majority of MSUS users had begun using MSUS within the previous 3 years. Whereas most respondents in the previous survey had been self-taught, in the current survey many had attended training courses or had received informal training from skilled users. Despite an increase in skills and equipment ownership, obstacles to implementing MSUS remained, most prominently a lack of time. In conclusion, training courses and informal training have contributed to the popularization of MSUS in Japan. To further increase MSUS usage, additional training opportunities and education about the advantages of MSUS will be needed. © Japan College of Rheumatology 2011.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-011-0512-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

Objectives
We simultaneously assessed ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with histopathological changes in the knee joints of long-lasting arthritis patients.
Methods
We studied 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 5 patients with osteoarthritis, who underwent total knee arthroplasty. On the day before surgery, the joints were examined by US and contrast-enhanced MRI. In US, synovitis was graded with 0-3 grey scale (GSUS) and power Doppler (PDUS). In MRI synovitis was graded according to OMERACT-RAMRIS (grade 0-3). Synovial tissue samples were obtained during arthroplasty and evaluated on the basis of inflammatory cell infiltrates (grade 0-3), synovial lining layer thickness (grade 0-3) and vascularity (grade 0-3).
Results
Positive findings of PDUS and contrast-enhanced MRI were 45% and 85% of 20 operated joints, respectively. GSUS, PDUS and MRI synovitis were well correlated with overall histopathological grades of synovitis (Spearman correlation coefficients 0.48, 0.84 and 0.48, p&lt;0.05, p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.05, respectively). Moreover, positive PDUS findings were closely associated with all pathological comportments of synovitis including inflammatory cell infiltrates, synovial lining layer thickness and vascularity.
Conclusions
The present study revealed that positive PDUS findings more faithfully illustrated active synovitis than MRI, whereas contrast-enhanced MRI was more sensitive in detecting synovitis in patients with long-lasting arthritis. It is important to understand distinct features of the both modalities for clinical assessment of chronic joint diseases.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We analysed the clinical vascular characteristics of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) patients in Japan.We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 412 patients who fulfilled the 1987 Japanese criteria for BD and were treated in two University hospitals from July 1991 to December 2007. Patients with superficial thrombophlebitis were excluded, since it is categorised as a skin manifestation according to the Japanese criteria.Twenty-six patients (6%) had large-vessel involvement. Mean ages at BD diagnosis and onset of vascular episodes were 39.7 and 41.6 years, respectively. Males predominated (62%). Arterial and venous lesions were found in 8 (31%) and 21 patients (81%), respectively, including 3 (12%) with both types. Pulmonary artery occlusion was the most common arterial lesion (n=5, 19%), followed by ascending aortic aneurysm (n=2, 8%). Limb deep vein thrombosis was the leading venous lesion (n=20, 77%). Cardiac complications (angina pectoris/aortic regurgitation) occurred in two patients. Gastrointestinal involvement was more frequent than in patients without vascular involvement (p&lt;0.001); ocular involvement was less frequent (p&lt;0.05). Only 3 patients (12%) required surgery. Pati

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO  

OBJECTIVE: To compare tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors to nonbiological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) for the risk of serious infection in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Serious infections occurring within the first year of the observation period were examined using the records for patients recruited to the Registry of Japanese Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients for Longterm Safety (REAL), a hospital-based prospective cohort of patients with RA. The analysis included 1144 patients, 646 of whom were treated with either infliximab or etanercept [exposed group: 592.4 patient-years (PY)]. The remaining 498 patients received nonbiological DMARD with no biologics (unexposed group: 454.7 PY). RESULTS: In the unexposed group, the incidence rate for all serious adverse events (SAE) was 9.02/100 PY and for serious infections, 2.64/100 PY. In the exposed group, SAE occurred in 16.04/100 PY and serious infections in 6.42/100 PY. The crude incidence rate ratio comparing serious infections in the exposed group with the unexposed group was 2.43 (95% CI 1.27-4.65), a significant increase. A multivariate analysis revealed that the use of TNF inhibitors is a significant independent risk factor for serious infection (relative risk 2.37, 95% CI 1.11-5.05, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Our study has provided the first epidemiological data on Japanese patients with RA for the safety of TNF inhibitors compared to nonbiological DMARD for up to 1 year of treatment. Anti-TNF therapy was associated with a significantly increased risk for serious infections, compared to treatment with nonbiological DMARD.

DOI： 10.3899/jrheum.101009

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：英語  

Patients with Behçet&#039;s disease often need intraocular surgeries for the treatment of secondary cataract or glaucoma. This study aims to report the clinical course before and after the intraocular surgeries of 5 patients who were systematically treated with infliximab.Retrospective case series.Seven eyes of 5 male patients with Behçet&#039;s disease, who underwent intraocular surgery while under systemic infliximab therapy at Yokohama City University Hospital from 2007 to 2009, were included in the study. The mean age at surgery was 44.2 years. Phacoemulsification was performed on 4 eyes, and trabeculectomy was done on the remaining 3 eyes. The mean duration since the onset of the ocular symptoms was 107 months. Control of the ocular attacks with the use of other systemic medications was difficult for all patients; however, the use of infliximab enabled adequate control of the attacks. The visual acuity status during the preoperative stage did not worsen during the postoperative period. No infectious complication was observed in all cases.Our results suggest that infliximab treatment does not complicate any subsequent intraocular surgery. Patients with Behçet&#039;s disease in need of intr

DOI： 10.1159/000329190

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Clinical phenotypes of Behçet disease (BD) vary among ethnic groups. We chronologically analyzed the clinical manifestations of BD in 412 patients meeting the Japanese criteria for BD seen at 2 Yokohama City University hospitals from July 1991 to December 2007. We examined the onset of individual symptoms in each patient. A single initial symptom appeared earlier than any other manifestation in 78% of the patients. Time from the initial symptom to diagnosis was 8.6 ± 10.1 years. Oral ulcer, the most common initial manifestation, preceded the diagnosis by 7.5 ± 10.2 years. Genital ulcer and eye and skin involvement appeared 1 or 2 years before diagnosis, whereas gastrointestinal, central nervous system, or vascular involvement developed later. The frequency of eye involvement was significantly higher in patients with neurologic lesions, but significantly lower in those with gastrointestinal or vascular involvement. However, no particular combination of major symptoms predicted the development of organ involvement. There has been a recent decrease in the rate of &quot;complete&quot; BD (patients having all 4 of the major symptoms of oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and eye and skin lesions), wh

DOI： 10.1097/MD.0b013e318211bf28

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Infliximab has demonstrated remarkable effects on controlling uveitis in patients with Behçet&#039;s disease (BD). However, there is no way except for discontinuation of infliximab treatment in patients who are intolerant to the agent due to hypersensitivity reactions. We here report successful switching from infliximab to adalimumab in a BD patient. Treatment with infliximab had maintained clinical remission in the patient having refractory ocular lesions to cyclosporine until the patient had experienced repeated infliximab-related infusion reactions. Discontinuation of the therapy led to another ocular attacks immediately. Switching to adalimumab induced clinical remission again. Our experience suggest adalimumab is a safe and effective option for patients having hypersensitivity to infliximab.

DOI： 10.1007/s00296-009-1178-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.5009

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We aimed to describe how often Japanese rheumatologists currently use musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS), and how they are currently being trained in the use of this imaging technique. Questionnaires were sent to 200 Japanese rheumatologists: 100 to participants attending the first Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Society of Imaging in Rheumatic Diseases in 2006, and 100 to other randomly selected rheumatologists certified by the Japan College of Rheumatology. A total of 139 questionnaires (74 from meeting participants, 65 from randomly selected rheumatologists) were completed and analyzed. Twenty-four of the 74 respondents (32.4%) in the meeting participants group used MSUS imaging for patient management, while only 7 of the 65 respondents (10.8%) in the certified rheumatologists group used MSUS imaging for patient management. Sixty-five of the 74 respondents (87.8%) in the meeting participants group and 54 of the 65 respondents (83.1%) in the certified rheumatologists group considered MSUS to be a useful tool. Only a minority of respondents used MSUS in the management of their patients. Lack of training in MSUS was the principal reason for not performing MSUS. Japanese rheumatologists would prefer future training in the form of intensive courses and training sessions.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-010-0293-7

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記述言語：英語  

Behçet&#039;s disease is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by four major manifestations: recurrent ocular symptoms, oral and genital ulcers and skin lesions. We conducted a genome-wide association study in a Japanese cohort including 612 individuals with Behçet&#039;s disease and 740 unaffected individuals (controls). We identified two suggestive associations on chromosomes 1p31.3 (IL23R-IL12RB2, rs12119179, P = 2.7 x 10(-8)) and 1q32.1 (IL10, rs1554286, P = 8.0 x 10(-8)). A meta-analysis of these two loci with results from additional Turkish and Korean cohorts showed genome-wide significant associations (rs1495965 in IL23R-IL12RB2, P = 1.9 x 10(-11), odds ratio = 1.35; rs1800871 in IL10, P = 1.0 x 10(-14), odds ratio = 1.45).

DOI： 10.1038/ng.624

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

We examined the efficacy and safety of autologous transplantation of bone-marrow-derived cells in patients with intractable ulcers caused by systemic sclerosis. Eight patients with ulcers resistant to treatment were enrolled. Bone marrow cells were gathered from the bilateral iliac crests with multiple repositioning bone marrow needles, and bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated and injected into skeletal muscles of the ischemic limb. Visual analog scale (VAS), Sclerosis Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ), modified Rodnan total skin score (mTSS), and the size and depth of the ulcer were examined. Thermography, capillaroscopy, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA), and laser Doppler flowmetry were also examined before and after transplantation. In all patients, reduction of ulcer size and improvement of VAS were observed after treatment. Elevation of surface temperature, increase of blood flow volume, and new capillaries of the nail bed were also found after our treatment. There were no major adverse effects of this treatment. Autologous transplantation of bone-marrow-derived cells was shown to be a novel and useful approach to intractable ulcers in systemic sclerosis.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-010-0274-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. However, little is known about the regulation of HO-1 in human primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here we investigated the expression of HO-1 in primary and established AML cells as well as other types of leukemic cells and normal monocytes, and its regulatory mechanism by the transcriptional repressor, BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), and the activator, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Leukemic cell lines such as U937 expressed little HO-1, whereas most freshly isolated AML cells and monocytes expressed substantial amounts of HO-1, along with Bach1 and Nrf2. When U937 cells were treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PHA) or gamma-interferon, they significantly expressed both HO-1 and Bach1, like primary AML cells. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhanced HO-1 expression in U937 cells but suppressed it in primary monocytes and PMA-treated U937 cells. In HO-1-expressing cells, Bach1 was localized in the cytoplasm, but Nrf2 was localized in the nuclei. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay of these cells revealed the preferential binding of Nrf2 over Bach1 to Maf-recognition elements, the enhancer regions of the HO-1 gene. The downregulation of the HO-1 gene with siRNA increased a cytotoxic effect of an anticancer drug on primary AML cells, whereas the downregulation of Bach1 increased HO-1 expression, leading to enhanced survival. These and other results show that Bach1 plays a critical role in regulating HO-1 gene expression in AML cells and its expression suppresses their survival by downregulating HO-1 expression. Thus, functional upregulation of Bach1 is a potential strategy for antileukemic therapy.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01550.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s00415-010-5454-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer-Verlag Tokyo  

We examined the efficacy and safety of autologous transplantation of bone-marrow-derived cells in patients with intractable ulcers caused by systemic sclerosis. Eight patients with ulcers resistant to treatment were enrolled. Bone marrow cells were gathered from the bilateral iliac crests with multiple repositioning bone marrow needles, and bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated and injected into skeletal muscles of the ischemic limb. Visual analog scale (VAS), Sclerosis Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ), modified Rodnan total skin score (mTSS), and the size and depth of the ulcer were examined. Thermography, capillaroscopy, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA), and laser Doppler flowmetry were also examined before and after transplantation. In all patients, reduction of ulcer size and improvement of VAS were observed after treatment. Elevation of surface temperature, increase of blood flow volume, and new capillaries of the nail bed were also found after our treatment. There were no major adverse effects of this treatment. Autologous transplantation of bone-marrow-derived cells was shown to be a novel and useful approach to intractable ulcers in systemic sclerosis.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-010-0274-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. However, little is known about the regulation of HO-1 in human primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here we investigated the expression of HO-1 in primary and established AML cells as well as other types of leukemic cells and normal monocytes, and its regulatory mechanism by the transcriptional repressor, BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), and the activator, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Leukemic cell lines such as U937 expressed little HO-1, whereas most freshly isolated AML cells and monocytes expressed substantial amounts of HO-1, along with Bach1 and Nrf2. When U937 cells were treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PHA) or gamma-interferon, they significantly expressed both HO-1 and Bach1, like primary AML cells. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhanced HO-1 expression in U937 cells but suppressed it in primary monocytes and PMA-treated U937 cells. In HO-1-expressing cells, Bach1 was localized in the cytoplasm, but Nrf2 was localized in the nuclei. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay of these cells revealed the preferential binding of Nrf2 over Bach1 to Maf-recognition elements, the enhancer regions of the HO-1 gene. The downregulation of the HO-1 gene with siRNA increased a cytotoxic effect of an anticancer drug on primary AML cells, whereas the downregulation of Bach1 increased HO-1 expression, leading to enhanced survival. These and other results show that Bach1 plays a critical role in regulating HO-1 gene expression in AML cells and its expression suppresses their survival by downregulating HO-1 expression. Thus, functional upregulation of Bach1 is a potential strategy for antileukemic therapy. (Cancer Sci 2010).

DOI： 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01550.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The type and frequency of neurological manifestations of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD) vary with ethnicity. We analyzed the neurological manifestations of BD in Japanese patients. All patients undergoing treatment at one of the two Yokohama City University hospitals from July 1991 to December 2007 and who fulfilled the Japanese criteria for BD revised in 1987 were studied retrospectively by chart review. Patients had been neurologically assessed by neurologists. We recorded neurological signs and symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography findings, and results of cerebrospinal fluid examinations from the records of each patient. We studied 412 patients with BD, of whom 54 (13%) had neurological involvement (neuro-Behçet&#039;s disease: NB). NB patients included a significantly higher proportion of males (61%) than non-NB patients (42%, P = 0.009). The majority of patients (n = 38, 70%) had acute parenchymal NB, 15 (28%) had chronic progressive parenchymal NB, and 1 (2%) had the non-parenchymal type. Headache and fever were more frequently reported by patients with acute parenchymal NB. Personality changes, sphincter disturbances, involuntary movements, and ataxia occurred pre

DOI： 10.1007/s00415-010-5454-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, a heme-degrading enzyme inducible by various stimuli, plays a key role in the regulation of inflammatory response in monocytes/macrophages. The serum HO-1 level is remarkably increased in patients with secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) or adult-onset Still's disease. We measured serum HO-1 levels in patients with a variety of hematological diseases, including secondary HPS, by means of ELISA. Serum HO-1 levels were significantly higher in 22 patients with HPS (134.7 +/- 116.2 ng/mL, P < 0.0001) at diagnosis than in 80 patients with other hematological diseases. The most effective cutoff point between HPS and other conditions was 14.5 ng/mL, with 100.0% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity. In HPS patients, the serum HO-1 levels showed the highest correlation with serum ferritin (r = 0.682, P = 0.0005), which reflects the disease activity of HPS. Moreover, both HO-1 and ferritin levels were reduced in parallel after successful treatment in patients with HPS, irrespective of underlying diseases. However, HO-1 levels were not elevated in patients with other causes of hyperferritinemia. These data demonstrate that serum HO-1 can distinguish secondary HPS from other hematological diseases, including those associated with hyperferritinemia.

DOI： 10.1007/s12185-010-0495-y

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Recently, we reported that a complex with an essential role in the degradation of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in yeast is well conserved in mammalian cells; we named this mammalian complex C-terminal to the Lissencephaly type-1-like homology (CTLH) complex. Although the function of the CTLH complex remains unclear, here we used yeast two-hybrid screening to isolate Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) as a protein binding to a key component of CTLH complex, Armadillo repeat containing 8 (ARMc8) alpha. The association was confirmed by a yeast two-hybrid assay and a co-immunoprecipitation assay. The proline-rich domain of HRS was essential for the association. As demonstrated through immunofluorescence microscopy, ARMc8alpha co-localized with HRS. ARMc8alpha promoted the interaction of HRS with various ubiquitinated proteins through the ubiquitin-interacting motif. These findings suggest that HRS mediates protein endosomal trafficking partly through its interaction with ARMc8alpha.

DOI： 10.2174/1874091X01004010001

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced by a variety of stress stimuli and by many antitumor agents. We investigated involvement of HO-1 in chemoresistance of cisplatin in human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line, A549, which constitutively expressed HO-1. We found that treatment with cisplatin further augmented HO-1 expression, which was associated with activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mediated signaling pathway and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. In concordance with the findings, treatment with EGFR-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (AG1478) or an Akt inhibitor, which interfere with the post-EGFR signaling pathway, suppressed cisplatin induced HO-1 expression. While either AG1478 or HO-1 siRNA alone did not alter cell viability of A549 cells, both agents significantly augmented cytotoxicity of cisplatin. The similar data also found in large cell carcinoma cell line, H460. Collectively, the results indicate that resistance to cisplatin in A549 cells is associated with HO-1 through EGFR mediated signaling pathway including activation of the PI3k/Akt and NF-kappaB systems. Our data also suggest that the chemosensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin is restored by EGFR-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an Akt inhibitor.

DOI： 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.03.015

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Multiple extra-articular synovial cysts (MESC) are rarely complicated with various rheumatic diseases. We here first report a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient with MESC, which were extensively analyzed by a series of imaging techniques including fluorine-18-2-fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (F-18-FDG-PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. FDG uptakes in joint lesions with MESC were much higher than those reported in typical lesions of RA, suggesting that marked joint inflammation is implicated in the development of MESC.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-009-0188-7

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Using the ELISPOT assay, a promising immunological tool for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigen-specific response, we monitored the clinical course of patients with tuberculosis (TB). METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 35 patients with TB and healthy controls, numbering 52 age-matched control subjects and 43 university students. Nine of those with TB were examined twice before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. The frequency of IFN-gamma secreting cells was determined using the ELISPOT assay in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with purified protein derivative (PPD), early secretory antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6), and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10). RESULTS: The frequency of PPD secreting cells correlated significantly with tuberculin skin test (TST) magnitude in BCG-vaccinated individuals. Significant responses to either ESAT-6 or CFP-10 were found in 94% of those with TB. The frequency of IFN-gamma secreting cells decreased when negative sputum tests were confirmed by successful tuberculosis treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The ELISPOT assay detecting MTB-specific immune response is promising both in diagnosing MTB and monitoring responsiveness to tuberculosis therapy.

DOI： 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.83.229

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE  

Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is a critical complication in anti-TNF therapies. In 141 BCG vaccinated healthy individuals and 71 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients as screening before anti-TNF therapies, M. tuberculosis specific immune responses were evaluated by tuberculin skin test (TST) and enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT), which detected antigen specific IFN-gamma secreting cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells simulated with either purified protein derivative (PPD), early secretory antigen target 6 (ESAT-6) or culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10). Induration over 5 mm in TST was found in 87.9% of controls and 21.4% of RA patients. Erythema size in TST was significantly suppressed in RA patients, especially those receiving prednisolone (PSL), whereas the PPD specific IFN-gamma secretion was less attenuated. Significant responses to either ESAT-6 or CFP-10 in ELISPOT were detected in 14.1% of RA patients including those having positive TST, while the ELISPOT assay was negative in all healthy individuals and 73.3% of RA patients having positive TST. Of ELISPOT positive RA patients, mean dosage of PSL was 4.58 mg and 1.25 mg in TST negative and positive patients, respectively. Thus, ELISPOT is useful for screening of tuberculosis in RA patients, even in those receiving corticosteroids. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tube.2008.12.004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD  

It is often difficult to make a diagnosis of pleuritis associated with rheumatic diseases because of lack of specific diagnostic tools. We report a patient with lupus pleuritis from which tuberculous pleuritis was distinguished by Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific enzyme-linked immunospot assay of pleural exudate mononuclear cells. After the diagnosis of lupus pleuritis, the patient was successfully treated with prednisolone. Lupus (2009) 18, 175-177.

DOI： 10.1177/0961203308094998

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Multiple extra-articular synovial cysts (MESC) are rarely complicated with various rheumatic diseases. We here first report a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient with MESC, which were extensively analyzed by a series of imaging techniques including fluorine-18-2-fluoro-D: -glucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. FDG uptakes in joint lesions with MESC were much higher than those reported in typical lesions of RA, suggesting that marked joint inflammation is implicated in the development of MESC.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-009-0188-7

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS  

BACKGROUND: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. This study aimed to determine circulating carbon monoxide (CO) levels, which have been suggested to be a marker of cardiovascular risk in patients with OSA. METHODS: Venous blood samples were obtained from 35 patients with OSA and 17 age-matched, healthy control subjects before and after polysomnography. Concentrations of venous CO and serum heme oxygenase (HO)-1 were determined by gas chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS: Circulating CO levels in OSA patients were significantly increased in the morning, but not in the evening. The change in CO level, which was defined as a gap between the presleep and postsleep CO levels, correlated with apnea-hypopnea index and hypoxia duration as a percentage of total sleep time. No difference was found in serum HO-1 levels between OSA patients and control subjects. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) resulted in normalization of the postsleep CO level. CONCLUSIONS: The postsleep circulating CO level is helpful for assessing the clinical severity of OSA. Moreover, treatment of OSA with CPAP can potentially reduce the risk of the disease associated cardiovascular events.

DOI： 10.1378/chest.07-2904

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

The third variable region (V3) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope gp120 subunit participates in determination of viral infection coreceptor tropism and host humoral immune responses. Positive charge of the V3 plays a key role in determining viral coreceptor tropism. Here, we examined by bioinformatics, experimental, and protein modelling approaches whether the net positive charge of V3 sequence regulates viral sensitivity to humoral immunity. We chose HIV-1 CRF01_AE strain as a model virus to address the question. Diversity analyses using CRF01_AE V3 sequences from 37 countries during 1984 and 2005 (n = 1361) revealed that reduction in the V3's net positive charge makes V3 less variable due to limited positive selection. Consistently, neutralization assay using CRF01_AE V3 recombinant viruses (n = 30) showed that the reduction in the V3's net positive charge rendered HIV-1 less sensitive to neutralization by the blood anti-V3 antibodies. The especially neutralization resistant V3 sequences were the particular subset of the CCR5-tropic V3 sequences with net positive charges of +2 to +4. Molecular dynamics simulation of the gp120 monomers showed that the V3's net positive charge regulates the V3 configuration. This and reported gp120 structural data predict a less-exposed V3 with a reduced net positive charge in the native gp120 trimer context. Taken together, these data suggest a key role of the V3's net positive charge in the immunological escape and coreceptor tropism evolution of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in vivo. The findings have molecular implications for the adaptive evolution and vaccine design of HIV-1.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0003206

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：MOSBY-ELSEVIER  

Background: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the exacerbation of atopic dermatitis (AD).
Objective: We sought to investigate the pathophysiologic roles of inducible antioxidant heme oxygenase (HO) 1 in the development of AD.
Methods: Serum HO-1 levels of patients with AD (n = 100) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n = 72) were determined by means of ELISA. The relationships between serum 140-1 levels and clinical severities, laboratory parameters, and cytokines/chemokines were assessed. Skin lesions of patients with AD and psoriasis were analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry. A murine AD model, DS-Nh, was used to further investigate localization and function of HO-1. Evaluation of symptoms, serum IgE and IL-18 levels, immunoblotting results, and histologic analyses of skin were performed. The effect of intraperitoneally administered hemin, a potent HO-1 inducer, or zinc protoporphyrin IX, an inhibitor of HO, was monitored.
Results: Serum HO-1 levels were significantly increased in patients with AD compared with those seen in healthy control subjects and were associated with AD disease severity. Serum HO-1 levels correlated with serum IgE, lactate dehydrogenase, IL-18, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine levels. HO-1-expressing cells were accumulated in skin lesions of patients with AD and DS-Nh mice. Immunofluorescence of mouse skin lesions revealed that HO-1-positive cells were macrophages and dendritic cells. Treatment with hemin, but not with zinc protoporphyrin IX, attenuated the development of the skin lesions in DS-Nh mice and reduced serum IL-18 levels.
Conclusion: HO-1 levels were increased in sera and skin lesions of patients with AD. Enhancement of HO-1 attenuated the development of skin lesions in mice, suggesting that HO-1 induction offers a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.05.031

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the exacerbation of atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the pathophysiologic roles of inducible antioxidant heme oxygenase (HO) 1 in the development of AD. METHODS: Serum HO-1 levels of patients with AD (n = 100) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n = 72) were determined by means of ELISA. The relationships between serum HO-1 levels and clinical severities, laboratory parameters, and cytokines/chemokines were assessed. Skin lesions of patients with AD and psoriasis were analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry. A murine AD model, DS-Nh, was used to further investigate localization and function of HO-1. Evaluation of symptoms, serum IgE and IL-18 levels, immunoblotting results, and histologic analyses of skin were performed. The effect of intraperitoneally administered hemin, a potent HO-1 inducer, or zinc protoporphyrin IX, an inhibitor of HO, was monitored. RESULTS: Serum HO-1 levels were significantly increased in patients with AD compared with those seen in healthy control subjects and were associated with AD disease severity. Serum HO-1 levels correlated with serum IgE, lactate dehydrogenase, IL-18, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine levels. HO-1-expressing cells were accumulated in skin lesions of patients with AD and DS-Nh mice. Immunofluorescence of mouse skin lesions revealed that HO-1-positive cells were macrophages and dendritic cells. Treatment with hemin, but not with zinc protoporphyrin IX, attenuated the development of the skin lesions in DS-Nh mice and reduced serum IL-18 levels. CONCLUSION: HO-1 levels were increased in sera and skin lesions of patients with AD. Enhancement of HO-1 attenuated the development of skin lesions in mice, suggesting that HO-1 induction offers a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.05.031

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

ARMc8 (armadillo-repeat-containing protein 8) is a key component of the CTLH (C-terminal to lissencephaly type-1-like homology motif) complex in mammalian cells. This complex is well conserved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been characterized as a FBPase (fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase)-degrading complex. The yeast homologue of ARMc8, Gid (glucose-induced degradation) 5p, plays an essential role in the ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent degradation of FBPase. To elucidate the function of ARMc8, we used a yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human skeletal muscle cDNA library. alpha-Catenin was isolated as a binding protein of ARMc8alpha. This association was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay using MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells in which exogenous alpha-catenin and ARMc8alpha were overexpressed. The association was also confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay using endogenous proteins in untransfected MDCK cells. We then used immunofluorescence microscopy of MDCK cells and C2C12 cells to investigate the intracellular distribution of ARMc8. Exogenously expressed ARMc8 was co-localized with alpha-catenin and beta-catenin along the cell membrane, suggesting an association between alpha-catenin and ARMc8 in the cells. To compare the binding domain of alpha-catenin with ARMc8alpha with that of beta-catenin, we performed a co-immunoprecipitation assay, again using 5'- and 3'-deletion constructs of alpha-catenin. The N-terminal sequence (amino acids 82-148) of alpha-catenin was sufficient to bind to both ARMc8alpha and beta-catenin. Next, we investigated the proteasome-dependent degradation of alpha-catenin by immunoblotting using proteasome inhibitors. Co-expression of ARMc8alpha with alpha-catenin resulted in rapid degradation of the exogenous alpha-catenin. Furthermore, ARMc8 knockdown inhibited alpha-catenin degradation and prolonged the half-life of alpha-catenin. We conclude that ARMc8alpha associates with alpha-catenin and up-regulates its degradation.

DOI： 10.1042/BJ20071312

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PORTLAND PRESS LTD  

ARMc8 (armadillo-repeat-containing protein 8) is a key component of the CTLH (C-terminal to lissencephaly type-1-like homology motif) complex in mammalian cells. This complex is well conserved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been characterized as a FBPase (fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase)degrading complex. The yeast homologue of ARMc8, Gid (glucose-induced degradation) 5p, plays an essential role in the ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent degradation of FBPase. To elucidate the function of ARMc8, we used a yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human skeletal muscle cDNA library. alpha-Catenin was isolated as a binding protein of ARMc8 alpha. This association was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay using MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells in which exogenous alpha-catenin and ARMc8 alpha were overexpressed. The association was also confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay using endogenous proteins in untransfected MDCK cells. We then used immunofluorescence microscopy of MDCK cells and C2Cl2 cells to investigate the intracellular distribution of ARMc8. Exogenously expressed ARMc8 was co-localized with alpha-catenin and beta-catenin along the cell membrane, suggesting an association between alpha-catenin and ARMc8 in the cells. To compare the binding domain of alpha-catenin with ARMc8 alpha with that of beta-catenin, we performed a co-immunoprecipitation assay, again using 5'- and 3'-deletion constructs of alpha-catenin. The N-terminal sequence (amino acids 82-148) of alpha-catenin was sufficient to bind to both ARMc8 alpha and beta-catenin. Next, we investigated the proteasome-dependent degradation of alpha-catenin by immunoblotting using proteasome inhibitors. Co-expression of ARMc8 alpha with alpha-catenin resulted in rapid degradation of the exogenous alpha-catenin. Furthermore, ARMc8 knockdown inhibited alpha-catenin degradation and prolonged the half-life of alpha-catenin. We conclude that ARMc8 alpha associates with alpha-catenin and upregulates its degradation.

DOI： 10.1042/BJ20071312

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：5  

A coma patient was diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis by the detection of ESAT-6-specific gamma interferon-secreting cells in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunospot assay prior to the identification of the pathogen in a culture of the cerebrospinal fluid.

DOI： 10.1128/CVI.00029-08

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A coma patient was diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis by the detection of ESAT-6-specific gamma interferon-secreting cells in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunospot assay prior to the identification of the pathogen in a culture of the cerebrospinal fluid. Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

DOI： 10.1128/CVI.00029-08

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：社団法人日本循環器学会  

Population-based cohort studies demonstrate that metabolic syndrome (MeS) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and related mortalities. The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic impact of MeS in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

DOI： 10.1253/circj.72.415

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その他リンク： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00309519692?from=CiNii

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1186/ar2367

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記述言語：英語  

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate signaling that triggers activation of the innate immune system, whereas heme oxygenase (HO)-1 (an inducible heme-degrading enzyme that is induced by various stresses) suppresses inflammatory responses. We investigated the interaction between TLR and HO-1 in an inflammatory disorder, namely Behçet&#039;s disease.Thirty-three patients with Behçet&#039;s disease and 30 healthy control individuals were included in the study. Expression levels of HO-1, TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA were semiquantitatively analyzed using a real-time PCR technique, and HO-1 protein level was determined by immunoblotting in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In some experiments, cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or heat shock protein-60; these proteins are known to be ligands for TLR2 and 4.Levels of expression of HO-1 mRNA were significantly reduced in PBMCs from patients with active Behçet&#039;s disease, whereas those of TLR4, but not TLR2, were increased in PBMCs, regardless of disease activity. Moreover, HO-1 expression in PBMCs from patients with Behçet&#039;s disease was repressed in the presence of either lipopolysaccharide or heat shock

DOI： 10.1186/ar2367

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

DOI： 10.1093/rheumatology/kem205

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Although intestinal Behçet&#039;s disease has been treated anecdotally with various therapeutic modalities, clinical evidence regarding management of intestinal Behçet&#039;s disease is lacking. The objective of this study was to develop consensus-based practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of intestinal Behçet&#039;s disease by using a modified Delphi approach.Three groups of Japanese gastroenterology specialists were involved in the study: moderators, an expert panel, and a professional group. Clinical statements for ratings were extracted from relevant literature, a survey of the professional group, and by discussion among the expert panel. The expert panel rated the clinical statements according to a nine point scale. After the first round of ratings, a panelist meeting was held to discuss areas of disagreement and to clarify areas of uncertainty. The list of clinical statements was revised after the panelist meeting, and a second round of rating was conducted.Thirty-two relevant articles were selected in a literature search, and 35 clinical statements were extracted. An additional 209 clinical statements were developed from the survey and discussion among gastroenterology specia

DOI： 10.1007/s00535-007-2090-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Ran-binding protein in microtubule organising centre (RanBPM) was originally isolated as a protein that binds to the small GTPase Ran. Recently our group and other groups reported that RanBPM was associated with several proteins and composed a large protein complex. Here, we used tandem MS with an antibody against RanBPM to purify this complex from a soluble extract of HEK293 cells: we identified Muskelin, p48EMLP, p44CTLH, and the novel armadillo-repeat proteins ARMC8alpha and ARMC8beta as components. In RanBPM, Muskelin, p48EMLP, and p44CTLH we found LisH/CTLH motifs, which are present in proteins involved in microtubule dynamics, cell migration, nucleokinesis, and chromosome segregation. We renamed the 20S large protein complex the CTLH complex. The N-terminal 364 amino acids of ARMC8alpha and ARMC8beta were completely conserved, suggesting that these proteins are probably alternatively spliced products from the same gene. We confirmed the in vivo association of each component by co-immunoprecipitation assays with Cos-7 cells in which these components were exogenously overexpressed. A pull-down assay with bacterially-expressed Twa1 revealed binding of each in vitro-translated component to Twa1. Finally, we confirmed the cellular localization of these proteins. Taken together, our results reveal that RanBPM, ARMC8alpha, ARMC8beta, Muskelin, p48EMLP, and p44CTLH form complexes in cells.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gene.2007.02.032

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-LISS  

OBJECTIVE: To examine the interaction between heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), a stress-induced antiinflammatory protein, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in human peripheral blood monocytes. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy donors or from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving the anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNFalpha) monoclonal antibody infliximab. CD14+ cells were isolated by magnetic cell sorting, cultured with TNFalpha or auranofin, and transfected with a plasmid encoding HO-1 or an HO-1-specific small interfering RNA vector. Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were examined by immunoblotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine levels in culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HO-1 gene transcription was evaluated using a luciferase reporter gene assay. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide were used to monitor the stability of mRNA and protein. RESULTS: HO-1 is constitutively expressed by CD14+ PBMCs from healthy donors. TNFalpha suppressed HO-1 expression by accelerating the decay of mRNA without affecting gene transcription or protein stability. Forced expression or selective knock-down of the HO-1 gene expression resulted in down-regulation or up-regulation, respectively, of proinflammatory cytokine synthesis by monocytes. Treatment with infliximab significantly increased HO-1 mRNA levels and reduced TNFalpha synthesis by PBMCs from RA patients. CONCLUSION: TNFalpha accelerated inflammatory responses by down-regulating HO-1 expression in human monocytes. TNF antagonists may block this TNF-dependent suppression of HO-1 expression, resulting in an amelioration of inflammation.

DOI： 10.1002/art.22370

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER THORACIC SOC  

RATIONALE: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, has antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and antiinflammatory activities. We examined whether HO-1 might be involved in silicosis. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether HO-1 can reduce silicosis in mice and humans. METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS: Silicosis was studied using a murine model, and in 46 male patients. Serum HO-1 and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (a marker of oxidative stress) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of HO-1 were measured by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. MAIN RESULTS: Serum HO-1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with silicosis compared with age-matched control subjects or patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Serum HO-1 levels also correlated inversely with serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels and positively with vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second in patients with silicosis. HO-1 was present in the lungs of humans and mice with silicosis, especially at sites of silica particle deposition. In mice, silica exposure was associated with acute leukocyte infiltration, leading to development of silicotic lung lesions. The inflammation was suppressed by treatment with hemin, an inducer of HO-1, and enhanced by zinc protoporphyrin, an inhibitor of HO-1. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary HO-1 expression is increased in silicosis. HO-1 suppresses reactive oxygen species activity, and subsequent pathologic changes, thereby attenuating disease progression.

DOI： 10.1164/rccm.200508-1237OC

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-LISS  

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression and pathogenetic roles of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), an inducible heme-degrading enzyme with antiinflammatory properties, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: HO-1 expression in synovial tissue from patients with RA, patients with osteoarthritis, and patients with noninflammatory joint diseases was determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Effects of various agents, such as hemin (a chemical inducer of HO-1), small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for HO-1, HO-1 expression vector, and antirheumatic agents, on HO-1 expression in RA synovial cell lines were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblotting. Cytokine synthesis was evaluated by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: HO-1 was expressed more abundantly in the lesions of synovial tissue from patients with RA than in those from the other patient groups. Hemin, auranofin, and HO-1 expression vector induced HO-1 and reduced expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) messenger RNA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8, and expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in the synovial cell lines. Treatment with HO-1-specific siRNA augmented the synthesis of TNFalpha, IL-6, and IL-8 and canceled the suppressive effects of auranofin on TNFalpha secretion. When hemoglobin, as a scavenger of carbon monoxide, was added to auranofin-treated synovial cell lines, LPS-dependent production of IL-6 and IL-8 was increased. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that HO-1 is expressed in RA synovial tissues and plays a regulatory role in the development of inflammation. The pharmacologic effects of auranofin depend, in part, on the levels of HO-1, suggesting that HO-1 induction is a novel therapeutic strategy for RA.

DOI： 10.1002/art.21754

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A 55-year-old man, diagnosed with systemic sclerosis (SSc) for 20 years, was admitted to our hospital for exertional dyspnea and pleural effusion. Computed tomography scan and cytological findings of the pleural fluid suggested malignant mesothelioma. In the postmortem examination, the tumor was pathologically diagnosed as pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma (PMA) of the lung, classified into pleomorphic carcinoma with adenocarcinoma component according to the new World Health Organization guidelines. This is the first case report of SSc with PMA.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-006-0472-8

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.45.0151

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.45.0136

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：The Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration  

Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 is an enzyme, an inducible form of HO, which catalyzes heme into carbon monoxide(CO), Fe²⁺, and biliverdin. CO suppresses apoptosis and macrophage activation, whereas biliverdin is converted into bilirubin, an antioxidant. Fe²⁺ stimulates the production of ferritin, a protective protein. Various noxious stimuli such as hypoxia or heavy metal loading induce expression of HO-1, which possesses cytoprotective effects mediated by the heme degradation products. Indeed, forced or chemically induced expression of HO-1 has beneficial effects on respiratory, inflammatory, renal diseases, and inflammatory disorders in animal models. On the other hand, HO-1 deficiency leads to systemic inflammation in mice and a patient. HO-1 is involved in pathogenesis of various diseases. Some of malignant tumors express abundant HO-1, resulting in suppressed apoptosis of tumor cells, whereas reduced expression of HO-1 is implicated in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer dementia. Our preliminary results showed increased expression of HO-1 in joint lesions of rheumatoid arthritis and circulating leukocytes from patients with adult-onset Still's disease and hemophagocytic syndrome, though the role of HO-1 remains unknown in these diseases. Excessively expressed HO-1 appears toxic in some conditions. HO-1 induction by auranofin and statins has been shown to contribute to the pharmacological effects at least in part. To optimize HO-1 expression may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies in various diseases including inflammatory disorders.

DOI： 10.2492/jsir.25.431

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2006179397

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

We developed neural tube-like structures accompanying neural crest-like cells by treating embryonic stem (ES) cells with retinoic acid. The structures contained pseudostratified Nestin+Vimentin+ neuroepithelial cells surrounded by Masson staining+ basement membrane. betaIIItubulin+Synaptophysin+ mature neurons and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ glial cells dispersed outside of the membrane. Addition of Noggin to the culture induced prominent proliferation of the neuroepithelial cells, leading to epithelial hyperstratification of the structures. mRNAs of transcription factors essential for forebrain development such as Emx1/2 and Pax6 were specifically expressed and Islet1+Lim1/2- motoneurons appeared by the addition of Noggin. In contrast, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promoted enlargement of central lumen and elongation of the structures. mRNAs of caudal markers, Gbx2, Cdx2 and Hoxb4/9 were expressed and Lim1/2+ spinal motoneurons appeared by the addition of bFGF. Addition of BMP-4 similarly brought about mild enlargement of central lumen of the structures. Interestingly, the addition of BMP-4 induced Slug+ neural crest-like cells surrounding the tube-like structures. mRNAs of Snail and dHand, other markers for neural crest cells, were also expressed by the addition of BMP-4. These results suggest that Noggin lead the neural-tube like structures to forebrain fate, whereas bFGF was involved in the caudalization. BMP-4 was implicated in emergence of the neural crest-like cells. Differentiation of ES cells by the present methods may mimic neurulation and subsequent neural development of early embryos, and elucidates the opposite effects of Noggin and bFGF for the neural tube development.

DOI： 10.1007/s00221-004-2148-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY  

Excessive Th1 cell function is importantly involved in the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease (BD). We previously found that Txk, a member of the Tec family of tyrosine kinases, acts as a Th1 cell specific transcription factor. To investigate immune aberration in the pathogenesis of BD, we studied the expression of Txk and Th1 cytokines in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and skin lesions in patients with BD. Cytokine production by the lymphocytes was assessed using ELISA. PBL produced excessive Th1 associated cytokines including IFN-gamma and IL-12 spontaneously and in response to exogenous HSP60-derived peptide stimulation, which was shown to induce proliferation of PBL, in patients with BD. Circulating CD4+ T cells expressed excessive Txk protein. A majority of cells infiltrating into skin lesions expressed IFN-gamma in the BD specimens. IL-12 and IL-18 were also expressed in the mononuclear cell aggregates. Lymphocytes accumulating in the skin lesion expressed higher levels of Txk as compared with atopic dermatitis lesions, a typical Th2 disease. IFN-gamma, IL-18 and Il-12 were detected in the BD skin lesions, which may induce preferential development of Th1 cells in patients with BD. The mononuclear cell aggregates contained Txk expressing cells in such skin lesions. Collectively, Txk expressing Th1 cells and the Th1 associated cytokines may play a critical role in the development of skin lesions in BD.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02688.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI), which is characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled mucosal, submucosal, or subserosal cysts located throughout the colon and/or small intestine, is an unusual complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report a case of a 33-year-old woman with a 5-year history of SLE with PCI. Her symptoms improved with conservative management. Although PCI is a rare manifestation of SLE, clinicians should be alert to the differential diagnosis of this complication.

DOI： 10.1007/s10165-005-0437-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible heme-degrading enzyme, is expressed by macrophages and endothelial cells in response to various stresses. Because ferritin synthesis is stimulated by Fe2+, which is a product of heme degradation, we examined the relation between HO-1 and ferritin levels in the serum of patients with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), adult-onset Still's disease (ASD), and other diseases that may cause hyperferritinemia. Seven patients with HPS, 10 with ASD, 73 with other rheumatic diseases, 20 with liver diseases, 10 recipients of repeated blood transfusion because of hematological disorders, and 22 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Serum HO-1 and ferritin levels were determined by ELISA. Expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was determined by real-time PCR and immunocytochemical techniques, respectively. Serum levels of HO-1 were significantly higher in patients with active HPS and ASD than in the other groups (P < 0.01). HO-1 levels were not elevated in patients with other causes of hyperferritinemia but were moderately elevated in patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis. Among patients with HPS and ASD, serum HO-1 levels correlated closely with serum ferritin levels, and the levels of both returned to normal after therapy had induced remission. Increased expression of HO-1 mRNA was confirmed in PBMCs from some patients with HPS and ASD. Hyperferritinemia correlated closely with increased serum HO-1 in patients with HPS and ASD but not other conditions, indicating that measurement of serum HO-1 and ferritin levels would be useful in the differential diagnosis of hyperferritinemia and perhaps also in monitoring disease activity in HPS and ASD.

DOI： 10.1186/ar1721

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC  

PURPOSE: Severe ocular surface diseases and injuries cause loss of the corneal limbal epithelium, leading to re-epithelialization by bulbar conjunctival cells, resulting in vascularization of the cornea, conjunctival scarring, and loss of visual acuity. In this study, the optimal culture condition for induction of differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells from embryonic stem (ES) cells was determined for use in transplantation to damaged cornea in mice. METHODS: Mouse ES cells were cultured on Petri dishes coated with several extracellular matrix proteins, and the markers for epithelial cells were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The optimal condition for induction of epithelial progenitor cells was determined, and the progenitors were transplanted onto mouse eyes with corneal epithelia that had been damaged by exposure to n-heptanol. RESULTS: Epithelial progenitors were successfully induced by culturing mouse ES cells on type IV collagen for 8 days. These progenitors expressed keratin (K)12, which is specific to corneal epithelial cells, and cell surface CD44 and E-cadherin, both of which are essential in corneal epithelial wound healing. Complete re-epithelialization of the corneal surface occurred within 24 hours after transplantation. The resultant corneal epithelial cells expressed markers of the grafted cells, and no teratomata were observed during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial progenitors were successfully induced in vitro from ES cells and were applicable as grafts for treating corneal epithelial injury. ES cells may become an unlimited donor source of corneal epithelial cells for corneal transplantation and may restore useful vision in patients with a deficiency of limbal epithelial cells. This is an important first trial toward assessing the use of ES cells to reconstruct corneal epithelial cells.

DOI： 10.1167/iovs.04-0044

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD  

There is accumulating evidence that haem oxygenase (HO)-1 plays a protective role in various disorders. The beneficial efficacy of HO-1 induction therapy has been shown in renal diseases such as glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis and drug induced nephrotoxicity. However, involvement of HO-1 in the development of autoimmune renal diseases remains uncertain. To assess the clinical efficacy of HO-1 induction therapy for lupus glomerulonephritis, MRL/lpr mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mumol/kg hemin, a potent HO-1 inducer, or PBS as controls, once a week from 6 weeks of age to 21-24 weeks-old. We found that treatment with hemin led to a significant reduction of proteinuria and remarkable amelioration of glomerular lesions accompanied by decreased immune depositions. In addition, the circulating IgG anti-double-stranded DNA antibody level was significantly decreased in hemin treated mice when compared with controls. A single intraperitoneal injection with hemin resulted in reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the kidney and spleen, and serum interferon-gamma level. Our results suggest that HO-1 induction therapy ameliorates lupus nephritis by suppressing nitric oxide (NO) dependent inflammatory responses and attenuating production of pathogenic autoantibodies.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02594.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Viral infection has been assigned some role in the pathogenesis of Behçet&#039;s disease (BD). Defects in natural killer (NK) cell repertoire may be involved in impaired antiviral immunity, leading to the development of BD. We studied killer inhibitory receptor (KIR) expression in 40 patients with BD. CD94 and CD158b expression of NK cells was normal in a great majority of BD patients. NKB1 expression was reduced in eight and increased in six. Twelve of these 14 patients (86%) had severe eye disease. Some had reduced NKB1 and enhanced CD158a expression simultaneously, or enhanced NKB1 and reduced CD158a simultaneously, suggesting a skewed NK cell repertoire in BD. Collectively, KIR expression was abnormal in the BD patients with severe eye disease. This may result from genetic predisposition, or certain viruses may affect the KIR repertoire formation in BD patients. Abnormal KIR expression of NK cells may be associated with the development of BD.

DOI： 10.1007/s00296-003-0352-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD  

Background Th1 and Th2 cells, resulting from antigenic stimulation in the presence of IL-12 and IL-4, respectively, are implicated in the pathology of various diseases including allergic and autoimmune diseases. Txk/Rlk is a member of Tec family tyrosine kinases. We reported that Txk acts as a Th1-specific transcription factor in the T lymphocytes.
Objective In this study we have asked whether administration of txk expression plasmid brings about a Th1/Th2 shift in vivo of the mice, and subsequent reduction of circulating IgE.
Methods Mice were administered a txk expression plasmid with hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) envelope vector. Txk expressions in spleen cells were assessed by immunoblotting and immunocytochemical staining. Cytokine productions by the spleen cells and serum Ig concentrations were studied by ELISA.
Results Administration of a txk expression plasmid with HVJ vector induced expression of Txk in the spleen cells. The spleen cells showed enhanced Th1-specific cytokine production; spleen cells from the txk administered mice produced more IFN-gamma as compared with those from control plasmid-administered mice in an antigen-specific manner. IL-2 and IL-4 secretions of the spleen cells were comparable between the two mouse groups. Txk administration did not reduce serum IgG concentration. It markedly reduced total IgE level and an IgG1/IgG2a ratio, reflection of Th1/Th2 balance, in sera. Furthermore, txk administration reduced ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE levels in sera of the OVA sensitized mice.
Conclusion Thus, Txk enhances IFN-gamma secretion and thus modulates Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, leading to reduction of serum IgE.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01981.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

We have treated undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with all-trans retinoic acid (RA) to induce differentiation in vitro into neuron-like cells with good cell viability for use as a graft. Furthermore, we asked whether the RA-induced neuron-like cells restored neurological dysfunction. To this end, the cells were transplanted into right hemiplegia model of mice, developed by a cryogenic injury of motor cortex. Motor function of the recipients was gradually improved, whereas little improvement was observed in control mice. The lesion showed clustering of mature and almost mature neuron-like cells in mice transplanted with the RA-treated cells. The grafted cells had synaptic vesicles. This finding may suggest their maturation and synaptic connection in the recipient brain. Even though further study is necessary to elucidate molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the functional recovery, we consider that the ES cells may have advantage for use as a donor source in various neurological disorders including motor dysfunction.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jns.2004.01.006

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.43.172

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Although the etiology of Behcet's disease (BD) still remains uncertain, various immune abnormalities have been implicated in BD. We studied cytokine production in patients with active and inactive BD, and evaluated the effect of treatment with infliximab (anti-TNF-alpha antibody) on disease activity and cytokine production by the ELISPOT assay. The numbers of cells spontaneously secreting IFN-gamma, IL-12, and TNF-alpha were significantly increased in patients with active BD. Mitogen-stimulated IL-4 secretion was elevated in active patients, though the ratio of IFN-gamma:IL-4 secreting cells was significantly increased in active BD. Next, we monitored cytokine production and expression of IL-12 receptor beta1 chain (IL-12Rbeta1) during short- and long-term infliximab treatment. A single infusion of infliximab significantly reduced the number of PBMC secreting TNF-alpha within 24 h. A rise in TNF-alpha production was associated with clinical deterioration. Infliximab treatment induced a significant increase in the number of cells secreting IFN-gamma and expressing IL-12Rbeta1. A favorable clinical response to infliximab was associated with a persistent reduction in TNF-alpha secretion, but did not correlate with IFN-gamma production. Our findings indicate that TNF-alpha plays a pivotal role in BD, and that anti-TNF-alpha therapy both reduces TNF-alpha production and modulates the functional activity of type 1 cells.

DOI： 10.1016/j.cyto.2003.09.003

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1136/ard.62.4.374

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

Objective B7 (CD80/CD86) molecules are over-expressed inpatients with SLE. However it is not clear whether CD80/CD86 molecules are involved in the pathogenic autoantibody production specifically or in the polyclonal antibody production in human SLE. The present study was carried out to characterize B7 molecules on B cells in autoantibody production.
Methods Expression of costimulatory molecules was analyzed by RT-PCR and two-color immunofluorescence staining. Purified B cells were co-cultured with T cells in the presence of anti-costimulatory molecule antibody.
Results Excessive expression of CD86 and CD80 molecules was evident on freshly isolated B cells in patients with SLE. Normal B cells did not express CD86 molecules spontaneously and expressed it after co-culture with activated T cells. CD86 expression on normal and SLE B cells induced by the activated T cells was inhibited by the addition of anti-CD40L into the cell culture. Furthermore, CD40L expression on T cells upon activation was enhanced in SLE patients.
Anti-DNA antibody production by SLE B cells in the presence of activated T cells was markedly inhibited by anti-CD86, but not anti-CD80. Anti-CD86 treatment inhibited polyclonal Ig and anti-SS-A antibody production of SLE B cells, suggesting the preferential involvement of CD86 in polyclonal antibody production.
Conclusion SLE T cells express CD40L excessively, and the CD40/CD40L pathway is involved in the CD86 over-expression of SLE B cells; thus T cell abnormality is at least partially involved in B cell hyperactivity. Enhanced CD86 expression of B cells by CD40L is essential for polyclonal antibody production.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC  

OBJECTIVE: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent and can differentiate into any cell type, including the hematopoietic lineage. We examined whether hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from ES cells reconstitute hematopoiesis in irradiated SCID mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ES cells (E14.1, H2K(b)) were cultured for 4 days in semisolid medium containing methylcellulose. Irradiated SCID mice were used as recipients of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Cell surface antigen expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. The spleens of the recipient mice were studied by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: After cell culture of ES cells in methylcellulose for 4 days, the cells expressing Flk1 (VEGF receptor 2), a tentative marker of hemangioblasts, were increased, whereas cells expressing CD31 (PECAM-1) and E-cadherin (nonmesodermal adhesion molecule) were dramatically reduced. Flk1+ cells expressed c-kit predominantly. Circulating leukocytes and thrombocytes were increased in irradiated SCID (H2K(d)) mice transplanted with ES cell-derived Flk1+ cells compared with vehicle-injected control mice. H2K(b+) and VE-cadherin(+) vascular endothelial cells were prominent in spleens of the recipient mice. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that H2K(b+) cells were increased in the bone marrow of recipient mice. In addition, Flk1+ cells accompanying enhanced c-kit expression preferentially repopulated in the bone marrow, and leukopoiesis and thrombopoiesis of the recipient mice were evident. CONCLUSION: The Flk1+ hematopoietic cells derived from ES cells reconstitute hematopoiesis in vivo and may become an alternative donor source for bone marrow transplantation.

DOI： 10.1016/s0301-472x(02)00961-x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER-VERLAG  

We report a 48-year-old man with inflammatory aortic aneurysm in the ascending aorta complicating severe heart failure due to massive aortic regurgitation. Continuous intravenous milrinone infusion was highly effective in reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving subjective symptoms during preoperative anti-inflammatory corticosteroid therapy over 7 weeks without any adverse effects or tolerance. Bentall's operation with a valved conduit was successfully performed after complete stabilization of inflammatory markers, and then milrinone was tapered off uneventfully. We consider that continuous milrinone infusion may be suitable for patients with surgically correctable inflammatory cardiovascular diseases complicating severe heart failure in whom maintenance of optimal hemodynamics is necessary for several weeks during preoperative anti-inflammatory corticosteroid therapy.

DOI： 10.1007/s003800200041

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

Background
Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system has been assigned a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of peripheral tolerance, and mice with defects in their Fas/FasL system develop lupus-like symptoms. In this study we examined FasL expression of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Methods
We assessed FasL mRNA and protein expression by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunoblotting and immunocytochemical staining, respectively, in patients with SLE. Anti-DNA antibody secreting B cells were purified using biotin labeled DNA and streptavidin-bead.
Results
Expression of FasL protein was not or very,weakly detected in freshly isolated PBMC in normal individuals. In contrast, freshly isolated SLE PBMC exhibited the enhanced expression of FasL protein without in vitro stimulation. Not only purified T cells but also purified B cells expressed FasL on their cell surface spontaneously. In addition, freshly isolated anti-DNA autoantibody secreting B cells express FasL without in vitro stimulation.
Conclusion
The results suggest that autoreactive B lymphocytes which aberrantly express FasL may kill Fas+ immunoregulatory T lymphocytes. Thus aberrantly expressed FasL may facilitate escape of the autoreactive B cells from the immune tolerance system, and may contribute to the sustained secretion of autoantibodies in patients with SLE.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN  

We have previously shown that Txk, a member of Tec family tyrosine kinase, is expressed in Th1 and ThO cells and directly contributes to gene transcription of Th1-related proteins, including interferon (IFN)-gamma, through nuclear translocation in response to mitogenic stimuli. Btk, another member of Tec family tyrosine kinase, has been shown to have a Src family tyrosine kinase-dependent transphosphorylation site and an autophosphorylation site. However, little is known about the phosphorylation mechanism of Txk, except that 420 tyrosine residue was identified as the transphosphorylation site. In this study, we found that Txk autophosphorylated itself by using an in vitro kinase assay. To elucidate the role of phosphorylation in Txk function, we studied IFN-gamma secretion by Jurkat T cells expressing mutant Txk proteins. While transfection with the wild-type Txk resulted in increased IFN-gamma production, the function was abrogated by disruption of the ATP biding site, which is presumably involved in the autophosphorylation mechanism. The results suggest that phosphorylated Txk is an active form to promote IFN-gamma synthesis. The 91 tyrosine residue of Txk is deduced to be an autophosphorylation site by comparing its structure with Btk. In Jurkat cells transfected with Txk Y91A, IFN-gamma production was decreased in comparison with the wild-type Txk transfected Jurkat cells. These data suggest that phosphorylation of the 91 tyrosine residue in Txk plays a positive regulatory role in Txk function.

DOI： 10.1248/bpb.25.718

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS  

Precise mechanisms responsible for Th1 cell activation and differentiation are not fully elucidated. We have recently reported that Txk, a member of Tec family nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, is expressed on Th1/Th0 cells, and Txk regulates specifically IFN-gamma gene expression. In this study, we found that Txk bound to IFN-gamma promoter region. Txk transfection increased transcriptional activity of IFN-gamma promoter plus luciferase constructs severalfold, including IFN-gamma promoter -538, -208, and -53. IFN-gamma promoter -39 was refractory to the Txk transfection. The actual site to which Txk bound was the element consisting of -53 and -39 bp from the transcription start site of human IFN-gamma gene, a site distinct from several previously characterized binding sites. We found that the entire -53/-39 region was necessary for the binding to and function of Txk, because mutant promoter oligoDNA that contained contiguous five base substitutions dispersed throughout the -53/-39 inhibited the binding, and the mutant promoters did not respond to the Txk transfection. Similar sequences of this element are found within the 5' flanking regions of several Th1 cell-associated protein genes. Thus, Txk is expressed on Th1/Th0 cells with the IFN-gamma production and acts as a Th1 cell-specific transcription factor.

DOI： 10.4049/jimmunol.168.5.2365

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.40.3

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1517/13543784.9.9.1993

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

Objective To elucidate a possible role of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial cell function, we have studied CREB expression of synovial cells and the effects of an inhibitor of the cAMP/CREB signal pathway on synovial cell function in patients with RA.
Methods We examined CREB expression by immunohistochemical staining, immunocytochemical staining, and gel shift assays. Effects of cAMP/CREB inhibitor on the proliferation of RA synovial cells were assessed by [H-3]-TdR incorporation, and those on proinflammatory cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production by reverse transcription PCR and ELISAs.
Results Immunohistochemical staining of synovial tissue revealed that CREB is expressed mainly in the lining and sublining layers of synovium in patients with RA. DNA binding activity of CREB was ascertained by a gel shift assay. We also confirmed nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of CREB in TNF-alpha stimulated RA fibroblast-like synovial cells by immunocytochemical staining. Modulators of cAMP/CREB signaling pathway, such as Rp-cAMP, had an inhibitory potential on RA synovial cell proliferation in vitro. Rp-cAMP also inhibited the proinflammatory cytokine and MMP production.
Conclusion CREB is involved in the synovial cell activity in patients with RA. Inhibition of CREB activity by its inhibitor brings about the correction of aberrant synovial cell functions in patients with RA, thus suggesting a possible clinical application of cAMP/CREB inhibitors.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS  

Differentiation of human T cells into T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells is vital for the development of cell-mediated and humoral immunity, respectively. However, the precise mechanism responsible for the Th1 cell differentiation is not fully clarified. We have studied the expression and function of Txk, a member of the Tec family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. We found that Txk expression is restricted to Th1/Th0 cells with IFN-gamma producing potential. Txk transfection of Jurkat T cells resulted in a several-fold increase of IFN-gamma mRNA expression and protein production; interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 production were unaffected. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of Txk specifically inhibited IFN-gamma production of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, antigen-specific Th1 clones, and Th0 clones; IL-2 and IL-4 production by the T cells was unaffected. Txk cotransfection led to the enhanced luciferase activity of plasmid (p)IFN-gamma promoter/enhancer (pIFN-gamma[-538])-luciferase-transfected Jurkat cells upon mitogen activation. Txk transfection did not affect IL-2 and IL-4 promoter activities. Thus, Txk specifically upregulates IFN-gamma gene transcription. In fact, Txk translocated from cytoplasm into nuclei upon activation and transfection with a mutant Txk expression plasmid that lacked a nuclear localization signal sequence did not enhance IFN-gamma production by the cells, indicating that nuclear localization of Txk is obligatory for the enhanced IFN-gamma production. In addition, IL-12 treatment of peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells enhanced the Txk expression, whereas IL-4 treatment completely inhibited it. These results indicate that Txk expression is intimately associated with development of Th1/Th0 cells and is significantly involved in the IFN-gamma production by the cells through Th1 cell-specific positive transcriptional regulation of the IFN-gamma gene.

DOI： 10.1084/jem.190.8.1147

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1056/NEJM199910213411707

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：JAPAN HEART JOURNAL, SECOND DEPT OF INTERNAL MED  

A 57-year-old Japanese-Brazilian man, visiting Japan for only 9 days, was admitted to our hospital due to syncope and frequent ventricular premature beats. He grew up in a rural area of Brazil and moved to Sao Paulo in 1959 when he was 20 years old. We suspected chronic Chagas' heart disease, ie., dilated cardiomyopathy with apical ventricular aneurysm, right bundle branch block with left anterior fascicular block, and various arrhythmias including supraventricular premature beats, ventricular premature beats and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia because he showed typical echo- and electrocardiographic features of the disease. Coronary arteriograms were normal, and left ventriculogram confirmed the existence of apical ventricular aneurysm. A left ventricle biopsy specimen showed hypertrophic cardiac muscle with mild fibrosis. The diagnosis of chronic Chagas' disease was finally confirmed by the demonstration of Trypanosoma cruzi itself in the blood as well as Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies.

DOI： 10.1536/jhj.40.375

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS  

A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the circumsporozoite protein of malaria (pCSP) induces tolerance rather than immunity when administered to newborn mice. We find that this tolerance persists for &gt;1 yr after neonatal pCSP administration and interferes with the induction of protective immunity in animals challenged with live sporozoites. Susceptibility to tolerance induction wanes rapidly with age, disappearing within 1 wk of birth. Higher doses of plasmid are more tolerogenic, and susceptibility to tolerance is not MHC-restricted. CD8(+) T cells from tolerant mice suppress the in vitro Ag-specific immune response of cells from adult mice immunized with pCSP, Similarly, CD8(+) T cells from tolerant mice transfer nonresponsiveness to naive syngeneic recipients, These findings clarify the cellular basis and factors contributing to the development of DNA vaccine-induced neonatal tolerance.

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

DOI： 10.1016/s0167-5699(98)01410-8

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：KARGER  

Background: It has been reported that protein tyrosine phosphorylation is essential for cytokine production in mouse Th1 cells but not in Th2 cells. However, little is known about the difference of signal transduction between human antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 cell clones. Methods: Purified protein derivative-specific Th1 and Dermatophagoides farinae-specific Th2 cell clones were established. T cell clones were stimulated with anti-CD3 Abs and further treated with goat antimouse immunoglobulin Abs for cross-linking of TCR/CD3 complex. Results: In contrast to murine Th2 clones, tyrosine phosphorylation including both ZAP-70 and phospholipase-C-Al was necessary for cell activation in both types of human T cell clones. This was further supported by the observation that genistein (protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor) inhibits IFN-A production for Th1 and IL-4 for Th2 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is thus an essential component in transducing the activation signal from TCR-CD3 complex both in human Th1 and Th2 cells.

DOI： 10.1159/000024028

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACADEMIC PRESS INC  

Rush immunotherapy (RI), a modified allergen-specific immunotherapeutic procedure, is an effective treatment for extrinsic (atopic) asthma, although the precise mechanism of its action is unclear. We have thus investigated the effect of RI on T cell response in seven mite-allergen-sensitive asthmatic patients who were successfully treated with RI. The proliferative response to mite allergen profoundly decreased after 3 months of therapy compared to the response before therapy; the response, however, recovered 18 months after RI. Regarding cytokine production patterns of mite-specific T cells, RI brought about a shift in cytokine profiles from Th2 to Th0 or Th1 in mite-specific T cell clones. The data indicate that the efficacy of RI is due to modification of T cell responses to mite antigens. Allergen RI results in the conversion of Th2 to Th1 and Th0 cells and/or selection of Th1 and Th0 cells over Th2 cells and thus may improve both clinical symptoms and airway inflammation in asthmatics. (C) 1998 Academic Press.

DOI： 10.1006/cimm.1998.1391

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：JAPAN HEART JOURNAL, SECOND DEPT OF INTERNAL MED  

This study was designed to evaluate the differences in clinical findings between patients with and without Q waves in acute myocarditis. Among a total of 24 patients, eleven patients had Q waves and thirteen did not. Echocardiographic findings, in-hospital complications and follow-up results were compared between the two groups. In the acute stage, the Q wave group showed significantly higher creatine kinase (CK) values and a more impaired left ventricular ejection fraction than the non-Q wave group (40 +/- 11% vs 57 +/- 10%, p &lt; 0.001). Transient left ventricular hypertrophy was also prominent in the Q wave group. The incidence of cardiogenic shock (55%) and conduction disturbances (64%) were higher in the Q wave group than in the non-Q wave group (0% and 15%, respectively). In-hospital mortality rate was 27% in the Q wave group and 8% in the non-Q wave group, respectively. Since rapid improvement occurred in survivors with Q waves, long-term prognosis was favorable for the two groups. In conclusion, Q waves might indicate a more severe course in early illness.

DOI： 10.1536/ihj.39.763

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD  

Synovial cell hyperplasia is a characteristic of patients with RA, Excessive proliferation of RA synovial calls is, in part, responsible for the synovial cell hyperplasia. In addition, synovial cell death that would reduce synovial cell number may be defective, leading to the hyperplasia. Thus, the defective control of cell death as well as cell proliferation may be of central importance in the pathogenesis of RA. In this study we analysed effects of proinflammatory cytokines on Fas/Fas ligand (FasL)-induced synovial cell apoptosis, and evaluated apoptosis-associated protein expression in the synovial cells in patients with RA. RA synovial cells expressed Fas antigen and lymphocytes infiltrating into RA synovium expressed Fast. Apoptotic synovial cells were detected within the sublining layer of RA synovium. Anti-Fas MoAb induced apoptosis of RA synovial cells in vitro, and proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-1 beta, but not IL-6 or IL-8, inhibited the anti-Fas-induced apoptosis accompanying up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression and reduced expression of CPP32 and ICH 1L. Immunohistochemical study revealed that CPP32 and ICH-1L were expressed weakly in the RA synovial lining cells compared with osteoarthritis (OA) synovial lining cells. Thus, we found that although RA synovial cells could die via apoptosis through Fas/FasL pathway, apoptosis of synovial cells was inhibited by proinflammatory cytokines present within the synovium. Inhibition of apoptosis by the proinflammatory cytokines may contribute outgrowth of synovial cells that leads to pannus formation and the destruction of joints in patients with RA.

DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00701.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP  

Objective-To elucidate possible roles of several transcription factors in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the transcription factor expression in RA synovial tissue and their contribution to RA synovial cell functions were studied.
Methods-Single cell suspension of dissociated synovial tissue was cultured to induce in vitro tissue outgrowth of RA synovial cells. Transcription factors were immunohistochemically identified in RA synovial tissue obtained by joint surgery and in the in vitro tissue outgrowth, and confirmed by western blotting and gel shift assays.
Results-Immunohistochemical examination of RA synovial tissue revealed simultaneous expression of various transcription factors (NF-KB, c-Jun (a component of AP-1), cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and OCT-1). The same set of transcription factors was expressed in the in vitro tissue outgrowth of RA patients. The early passage RA synovial cells were treated with interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) and confirmed translocation of transcription factors into the nucleus by western blotting, and their DNA binding activity by gel shift assays. Conclusion-This study emphasises the importance of the simultaneous expression of several transcription factors for the hyperactivity of RA synovial cells that leads to tissue outgrowth.

DOI： 10.1136/ard.57.8.487

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS  

Objective. To elucidate the role of neurologic, endocrine, and immune system interactions in the development of pathologic responses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we studied somatostatin (SOM) production and somatostatin receptor (SOMR) expression in RA synovium and its function in patients with RA.
Methods. The effects of SOM on proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and IL-8) and collagenase production by RA synovial cells were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and their messenger RNA expression was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using limiting dilutions of the complementary DNA The expression of SOMR by RA synovial cells was also studied by RT-PCR, Local production of SOM was estimated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.
Results. Physiologic concentrations (similar to 10(-10)M) of SOM inhibited proliferation of RA synovial cells. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by RA synovial cells was also modulated by SOM, SOMR subtypes 1 and 2 were expressed on fibroblast-like synovial cells, and the expression of SOMR-2 was up-regulated by proinflammatory cytokine treatment of the synovial cells from patients with RA. RA fibroblast-like cells synthesized SOR I by themselves, suggesting that SOM acts as an autocrine regulator of synovial cell function in patients with RA.
Conclusion. SOM inhibited aberrant synovial cell function in patients with RA, suggesting possible clinical applications of this neuropeptide.

DOI： 10.1002/art.1780401206

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER VERLAG  

DNA technology has been harnessed to produce a variety of plasmid-based vaccines designed to prevent viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. The rapid adoption and implementation of this novel vaccine strategy carries with it important safety and efficacy concerns. This review will focus on whether DNA vaccines (1) are likely to induce systemic or organ-specific autoimmune disease, (2) have the potential to induce tolerance rather than immunity, and (3) are as effective in individuals with depressed immune function as they are in healthy adults.

DOI： 10.1007/bf00870272

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD  

The predominance of Th2 cytokine-secreting pattern in allergic asthma has been known as a cause and an accelerating factor, and Th1 suppresses these allergic phenomena, but the role of Th0 clones is obscure. Because Th1/Th2 differentiation has been determined by cytokine environment, we investigated how mite-specific helper T cells stimulated in different cytokine environments actually influenced IgE and IgG4 synthesis, which are known to be regulatory immunoglobulins for allergic response. Th0 clones, which were mainly established in the presence of IL-12, provided a great deal of help for IgG4 and IgG1 synthesis, but did not provide help for IgE synthesis, whereas Th2 clones helped IgE synthesis prominently, and IgG4 and IgG1 synthesis marginally. These characteristics of Th0 clones were also true for Th0 clones obtained from patients who were successfully treated with desensitization therapy. Furthermore, the differences in helper activity between Th0 and Th2 clones were not ascribed solely to soluble factors. These data indicate that IgE and IgG4 synthesis is differentially regulated by antigen-specific T cells, and that conversion or selection from Th2 to Th0 by the addition of IL-12 may exhibit therapeutic effects.

DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.4521350.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS  

This work examines the functional properties and TCR beta gene utilization of 15 autoreactive T cell clones derived from five patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. All these clones proliferated and secreted cytokine when stimulated in vitro by autologous (but not allogenic) B cells. Individual T cell clones used diverse TCR beta genes and did not show skewing toward the preferential usage of anionically charged receptors. Autoreactive T cell clones supported polyclonal B cell activation, as characterized by the production of anti-DNA, anti-Sjogren syndrome A, and anti-tetanus toroid (anti-TT) Abs. This T cell help was mediated through the production of immunostimulatory cytokines, especially IL-6. Although stimulation of the autoreactive clones was blocked by anti-HLA class II Abs, the T cell clones did not proliferate, nor did they support polyclonal IgG production by HLA class II-matched normal B cells. Unlike the autoreactive clones, TT-specific clones derived from the same patients provided help selectively to B cells secreting anti-TT Abs. These findings suggest that autoreactive T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients are triggered to provide help following cognate interactions with self-peptides presented in the context of HLA class II molecules expressed on autologous B cells regardless of their specificities.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1997.274-ce1159.x

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.46.860_3

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.46.784_1

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.46.897_1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS  

Plasmid DNA vaccines capable of preventing viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections are currently under development, Our labs have shown that a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the circumsporozoite protein of the malaria parasite elicits protective immunity against live sporozoite challenge in adult BALB/c mice. We now find that the same DNA vaccine induces tolerance rather than immunity when administered to 2-5 d-old mice, Neonatal, tolerized animals were unable to mount antibody, cytokine or cytotoxic responses when rechallenged a with DNA vaccine in vitro or in vivo. Tolerance was specific for immunogenic epitopes expressed by the vaccine-encoded, endogenously produced antigen. Mice challenged with exogenous circumsporozoite protein produced antibodies against a different set of epitopes, and were not tolerized, These findings demonstrate important differences in the nature and specificity of the immune response elicited by DNA vaccines versus conventional protein immunogens.

DOI： 10.1172/JCI119094

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Cp(2)Sm(thf)(2) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the acylation of alcohols and amines with esters under mild conditions. In the present acylation, vinyl and isopropenyl acetates served as good acylating agents. Thus, a variety of alcohols and amines underwent acylation with vinyl and isopropenyl acetates in the presence of Cp(2)Sm(thf)(2) to give the corresponding esters and amides in good to excellent yields. This catalytic acylation of alcohols and amines offers an additional useful method by the use of various esters, instead of acid anhydrides and acid chlorides, as acylating agents under very mild conditions.

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.45.285_4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/art.1780380321

Web of Science

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.44.909_3

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.44.984_4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：VCH PUBLISHERS INC  

We have established human gamma delta T cell lines specific for Streprococcus sanguis (S.sanguis) KTH-1 present in normal oral cavity flora. The CD4(-)CD8(-)CD3(+)V gamma 9(+)V delta 1(-)CD45RO(+)CD25(+) T cell lines showed a proliferative response to the streptococcal antigen (Ag) in the presence of autologous antigen-presenting cells without apparent evidence of HLA restriction. The proliferative response of the gamma delta T cell lines was completely blocked by anti-TcR gamma delta monoclonal antibody (mAb) and anti-HLA class I mAb (W6/32),whereas anti-HLA classical class Ia mAb (B-H9; anti-HLA-A,B,C), anti-HLA class II mAb (anti-DR, anti-DQ, and anti-DP) and anti-CD4 mAb did not have any inhibitory effects. Surprisingly, the gamma delta T cell lines showed the proliferative response against the original bacterial Ag KTH-1 exclusively, and exhibited no cross-reactivity with nominal Ag such as purified protein derivative of tuberculin, tetanus toxoid and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or the same species but different strain of S. sanguis, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) standard strain (10556), or even with the same strain but different serotype of S. sanguis, KTH-3. Moreover, cytokine production of the gamma delta T cell lines was similar to the Th1 pattern [interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF-beta]. They also produced interleukin-8 that functions as one of chemoattractants for polymorphonuclear cells. Using direct sequencing technique of the polymerase chain reaction products, we found that junctional diversity of the T cell receptor (TcR) used by the parental KTH-1 specific gamma delta T cell line and its subclones is rather limited. It is suggested that gamma delta T cells with canonical TcR could preferentially respond to KTH-1 Ag. Thus, in addition to a broad or cross-reactivity of gamma delta T cells against phylogenetically conserved stress/heat-shock protein, which is well characterized by others, some peripheral blood gamma delta T cells could recognize and kill exogenous agents with fine antigenic specificity to protect the body against them.

DOI： 10.1002/eji.1830240712

Web of Science

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY  

The immunological function of patients with inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) receiving chronically administered, low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) together with prednisolone (PSL) was compared with that of inactive patients receiving PSL alone. A striking selective suppression of ''genuine'' resting, but not ''partially'' or ''fully'' activated, B cell function was noted in the patients receiving PSL + CY as measured by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC)-induced proliferative responses by Percoll-separated small resting B cells of high density; the small resting B cells sedimenting in a high density fraction were more responsive to SAC in patients treated with PSL alone than those in normal controls. However, the spontaneous proliferation and spontaneous secretion of immunoglobulins by peripheral blood B cells were elevated in both the patient groups. The proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A by T cells were not significantly different between both patient groups. The data indicate that the genuine resting B cells may be the major target for the CY effect in SLE, and thus such selective suppression may help explain the efficacy of CY and PSL together in treating SLE.

Web of Science

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V  

Web of Science

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V  

Web of Science

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.41.1139_1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD  

The autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) represents the activation, proliferation and differentiation of T cells in response to signals from autologous non-T cells. Using monoclonal anti-Leu8 antibody to isolate subpopulations of human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, we have investigated the role of these subpopulations in the T cell activation cascade during the course of AMLR. In normal subjects, CD4+ Leu8+ cells are necessary for the initiation of the AMLR response, and sequentially lead to activation and proliferation of both CD4+ Leu8- cells and CD8+ Leu8+ cells. The activated CD8+ Leu8+ cells, in turn, induce CD8+ Leu8- cells to generate proliferation of the latter cells. Soluble mediators could be involved in the T cell activation cascade induced by the AMLR. Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis have a profound defect in the AMLR. Further analysis indicates that rheumatoid arthritis CD8+ T cells are markedly defective as responding cells in the AMLR. The impaired AMLR response by CD8+ cells cannot be reconstituted with AMLR-derived supernatants from normal T cells. The data suggest that the defective CD8+ T cell function may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05681.x

Web of Science

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.40.997_1

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.40.404_3

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.40.997_2

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Scopus

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine  

症例. 44才,男性.鹿児島県出身. 1986年8月より咳嗽. 10月より体幹に浸潤性紅斑出現.血清抗HTLV-I抗体(+)で, CD4 (+), CD8 (-), CD25 (+)の異型リンパ球を認めた. 1987年1月末より,複視,嚥下困難,ふらつきが出現した.脳CTでは造影を含めて正常であった. Gaシンチで脳底部領域と心窩部にhot areaを認めた.髄液検査は,抗HTLV-1抗体(+)で, ATL細胞を認めた.胃内視鏡で臣大な腫瘤を認め,生検にてATL細胞の浸潤を認めた. 3月4日よりMTX, PSLの髄注とVEPA療法を施行したが, 4月2日肺炎を併発し死亡.剖検で神経症状に一致する脳幹部背側にATL細胞の浸潤を認めた, Gaシンチは, CTでは見出せないATL級胞の集積部位の同定に有用と思われる.

DOI： 10.2169/naika.78.645

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その他リンク： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/1990019075

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会  

DOI： 10.15036/arerugi.36.760_2

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総ページ数：176p   記述言語：日本語  

CiNii Books

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総ページ数：ix, 146p   記述言語：日本語  

CiNii Books

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総ページ数：xii, 515p   記述言語：日本語  

CiNii Books

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総ページ数：276p   記述言語：日本語  

CiNii Books

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総ページ数：1冊   記述言語：日本語  

CiNii Books

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担当ページ：204-245   記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：F-43-59-87-90   記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：386-388   記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：396-398   記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：389-390   記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：333-334   記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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担当ページ：65-74   記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本皮膚科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：関東リウマチ研究会  

症例は前医にてリウマチ性多発筋痛症(PMR)としてプレドニゾロン(PSL)で加療していた83歳女性で、後頸部痛を主訴とした。精査にて右手関節の軽度の滑膜肥厚、右尺頭骨の骨糜爛、PF陰性、抗CCP陰性を認め、関節リウマチ(RA)と診断した。また、環軸関節の骨膜炎、歯突起周囲のパンヌス形成、椎体終板の骨糜爛、骨髄浮腫を認めたことより、RAの頸椎病変を原因とする頸部痛と考え、メトトレキサート(MTX)を投与した。退院後は外来にてMTX、ゴリムマブを投与した結果、検査値、画像所見、頸部痛、頸部可動域は改善を得た。

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本脈管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：金原出版(株)  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本医事新報社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J01024&link_issn=&doc_id=20210701010007&doc_link_id=%2Faf9mdcla%2F2021%2F005071%2F009%2F0028b0032%26dl%3D3&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faf9mdcla%2F2021%2F005071%2F009%2F0028b0032%26dl%3D3&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_4.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本臨床社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J01205&link_issn=&doc_id=20210603150016&doc_link_id=%2Fag6niria%2F2021%2F007906%2F016%2F0884b0889%26dl%3D3&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag6niria%2F2021%2F007906%2F016%2F0884b0889%26dl%3D3&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_4.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本臨床社  

厚生労働省ベーチェット病研究班ホームページにおける質問の患者背景および内容について解析した。2009年11月28日〜2018年11月26日に患者から送信された総計375件の質問(相談)を集計した。性別では女性の方が多く、年齢の内訳は7〜86歳(平均38.1歳)で30〜40歳にピークがみられた。罹病期間は5年以内の件数が106件/163件で65%を占めており、相談内容については診断148件(36.2%)、治療137件(33.5%)が主で、その他には病院紹介依頼、妊娠に関する相談などが含まれ、複数の相談も寄せられていた。また、相談内容には特殊型病変も多く72件/375件(19.2%)の相談内容が含まれていた。内訳は腸管ベーチェット病(BD)31例、神経BD 29例、血管BD 9例、神経・血管BD 3例であり、特殊型の相談の場合は複数回の相談が増加傾向にあった。

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J01205&link_issn=&doc_id=20210603150022&doc_link_id=%2Fag6niria%2F2021%2F007906%2F022%2F0925b0930%26dl%3D3&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag6niria%2F2021%2F007906%2F022%2F0925b0930%26dl%3D3&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_4.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(有)科学評論社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床免疫学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ライフメディコム  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

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J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(有)科学評論社  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(有)科学評論社  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本老年医学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本リウマチ学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本リウマチ学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会-北海道・東北支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：WILEY  

Web of Science

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本内科学会-関東地方会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)学研メディカル秀潤社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本医師会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本医師会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：関東リウマチ研究会  

60歳男性。咳嗽、呼吸困難、発熱、手指疼痛を主訴に当院救急搬送となった。入院時、発熱、炎症反応上昇、動脈閉塞による両側手指壊疽、肺胞出血(びまん性間質性肺病変)、縦隔気腫・気胸、胃壁のびまん性肥厚を認めたことから、結節性多発性動脈炎を考え、メチルプレドニゾロン、エンドキサンパルス療法、ヘパリン投与、胸腔ドレナージを行い、気管挿管による人工呼吸管理を開始した。その後は全身状態が改善傾向にあり、第12病日の内視鏡検査と皮膚生検で胃癌併発抗ARS抗体陽性が明らかになった。悪性腫瘍の根治術目的にステロイド漸減を目指したが、第35病日に死亡した。

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本リウマチ学会  

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