Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KARGER  

Introduction: No established technique for locating solitary carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary bladder or CIS accompanying bladder cancer has been determined. Here we investigated whether the location of CIS of the urinary bladder can be macroscopically ascertained by instilling pirarubicin hydrochloride (THP) into the urinary bladder. Patients and Methods: We dissolved 50 mg of THP in 50 ml of distilled water, and instilled the resulting solution into the urinary bladder. After 5 min, the urinary bladder is examined using a cystoscope. The study group consisted of 30 subjects ( 23 men and 7 women). Results: THP uptake was seen in 19 flat ( nontumorous) areas of the bladder mucosa in 13 patients. Of these, 11 lesions in 6 patients were confirmed to be CIS. THP uptake was also seen in flat malignant lesions such as bladder cancer invasion into the prostatic urethra, and in benign lesions such as chronic cystitis and urothelial hyperplasia. Conclusions: The present method can be useful to find easily and macroscopically the location of flat malignant lesions such as CIS. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.

DOI： 10.1159/000083555

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We report four patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Three patients underwent transurethral resection (TUR) of their tumors, which were grade 2 or 3, stage pT1 TCC. Among them, one patient underwent repeat TUR for recurrent superficial TCC. The remaining one patient underwent total cystectomy for grade 3, stage pT4 TCC and squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Subsequently, he died suddenly without evidence of local recurrence or systemic metastasis. We discuss the relationship between the duration of HD and the tumor grade and stage of primary bladder TCC in maintenance HD patients.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.71.408

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Purpose: We investigated whether urine survivin, an inhibitor of the apoptosis protein, is useful for diagnosing bladder tumor. Method: We measured urine survivin levels in 40 patients with bladder tumors and 9 healthy volunteers. Results: The average urine survivin levels in the 40 patients and 9 healthy controls were not significantly different (3.802 ± 8.669 and 1.127 ± 1.529, respectively (p = 0.3646)). However, significantly high urine survivin levels were observed in 3 of the 40 patients, but not in healthy volunteers. Urine Cyfra 21-1 was not elevated (1.3 ng/ml) in one patient with a significantly elevated urine survivin level (33.54 ng/ml), while in two patients with elevated Cyfra (320 ng/ ml and 240 ng/ml), the urine survivin level was not detectable. Conclusion: With improvements in the sensitivity of our Elisa system for urine survivin and combined use of urine Cyfra 21-1, it is possible that urine survivin will be a useful tumor marker in detecting both new-onset and recurrent bladder tumors.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.71.379

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Language：English   Publisher：The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School  

DOI： 10.1272/jnms1923.61.59

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DOI： 10.1272/jnms1923.59.274

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To investigate the safety and efficacy of a maintenance regimen of bacillus CalmetteGurin therapy including 6-week induction and 2-week maintenance instillation for patients with recurrent or multiple Ta, T1 tumors or carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder.
This study was performed as single-arm multi-institutional study. The enrolled patients had been diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, including the presence of at least two bladder tumors, single tumors recurring within 12 months of follow-up, any Grade 3 Stage Ta or T1 tumor, and primary or recurrent biopsy proven carcinoma in situ. Patients received 81 mg intravesical bacillus CalmetteGurin (Connaught strain). The instillation was repeated once a week for another 5 weeks, followed by once a week for 2 weeks at months 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36, for a total of 20 instillations in 3 years.
From 28 hospitals, 202 patients were registered. A total of 186 patients matched the inclusion criteria: 139 patients in the Ta/T1group and 47 patients in the carcinoma in situ group. At the 4-year median point of follow-up, recurrence-free survival rates in the Ta/T1 group and the carcinoma in situ group were 76.7 and 77.7, respectively. Completion rates for maintenance therapy in both groups at months 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 were 81.7, 68.9, 58.1, 42.5 and 35.0, respectively. Common toxicities were pain on urination, urinary frequency and gross hematuria. There was no treatment-related death.
This regimen may be feasible in patients with Ta/T1 tumor or carcinoma in situ; however, future Phase III randomized study is needed to determine whether this regimen would be truly safe and effective compared with 3-week maintenance regimen.

DOI： 10.1093/jjco/hys097

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Language：English   Publishing type：Book review, literature introduction, etc.   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) has been established as the golden standard for the treatment of urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, TUR-P is not performed on patients with certain high-risk complications. We have obtained favorable results using urethral stent (Angiomed-Memotherm®) implantation to treat high-risk urinary retention patients. Here, we review the results obtained on 15 patients treated using this procedure. Two patients experienced recurrent urinary retention
in one patient, the stent had to be removed due to stone formation
in the remaining 12 patients, urination was favorable after stent implantation. Also, urethral stent implantation was found to be useful in 4 of the 7 patients with neurogenic bladder (rather than BPH) as the underlying disease. The present technique is convenient and noninvasive, and we strongly believe that it can improve the patient's quality of life (QOL) by facilitating urination in high-risk patients who would otherwise require urethral catheterization.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Book review, literature introduction, etc.   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) has been established as the golden standard for the treatment of urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, TUR-P is not performed on patients with certain high-risk complications. We have obtained favorable results using urethral stent (Angiomed-Memotherm®) implantation to treat high-risk urinary retention patients. Here, we review the results obtained on 15 patients treated using this procedure. Two patients experienced recurrent urinary retention
in one patient, the stent had to be removed due to stone formation
in the remaining 12 patients, urination was favorable after stent implantation. Also, urethral stent implantation was found to be useful in 4 of the 7 patients with neurogenic bladder (rather than BPH) as the underlying disease. The present technique is convenient and noninvasive, and we strongly believe that it can improve the patient's quality of life (QOL) by facilitating urination in high-risk patients who would otherwise require urethral catheterization.

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.96.368_1

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.95.391_1

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.95.460_2

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.95.430_2

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.95.391_1

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.95.460_2

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.93.283_4

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.93.328_3

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.92.380_2

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.92.167_4

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.92.280_1

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本老年医学会  

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.91.348_4

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A 50-year-old female was referred to our hospital for refractory pollakisuria and sense of residual urine. Radiological examinations revealed a thick bladder wall all around, bilateral hydronephrosis and ascites. No tumor lesions were detected macroscopically on TUR biopsy. Gastrofiberscopy was performed because of anorexia and showed gastric cancer. A biopsy specimen of the stomach revealed the same pathological finding as the bladder wall and the diagnosis was metastatic urinary bladder tumor from gastric cancer. Systemic chemotherapy was performed with a combination of methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil but she died 5 months after admission. We reviewed 43 cases of metastatic urinary bladder tumor from gastric cancer reported in Japan. This survey indicated that bladder metastasis from gastric cancer is very rare with very poor prognosis.

DOI： 10.11477/mf.1413902645

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DOI： 10.11477/mf.1413902645

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)医学書院  

DOI： 10.11477/mf.1413902645

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Language：English   Publisher：NATL ACAD SCIENCES  

UV irradiation induces apoptosis (or programmed cell death) in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells within 3 h. UV-induced apoptosis is accompanied by activation of a 36-kDa myelin basic protein kinase (p36 MBP kinase). This kinase is also activated by okadaic acid and retinoic acid-induced apoptosis. Irrespective of the inducing agent, p36 MBP kinase activation is restricted to the sub-population of cells actually undergoing apoptosis, Activation of p36 MBP kinase occurs in enucleated cytoplasts, indicating no requirement for a nucleus or fragmented DNA in signaling, We also demonstrate the activation of p36 kinase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha- and serum starvation-induced cell death using the human prostatic tumor cell line LNCap and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, respectively, We postulate that p36 MBP kinase is a common component in diverse signaling pathways leading to apoptosis.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.93.17.8977

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.87.403_2

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1)3者併用免疫療法で8例中1例に30%から80%へ,著明なPSの改善を認めたため,本免疫療法は進行性腎細胞癌患者のQOLの改善に寄与した可能性が考えられた. 2)副作用は3者併用免疫療法でWHO分類グレード2以下,外来維持療法でグレード1以下と,ともに安全に施行することが可能であった. 3)抗腫瘍効果は2PR,1NC,5PDであり,25%の奏効率を示した

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.86.1156

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Objective To investigate the susceptibility of primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and metastatic RCC to lymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) cells using three RCC cell lines derived from the primary and metastatic tumours in a male patient with advanced RCC. Materials and methods Three RCC cell lines (named HANKS) were derived from a 44‐year‐old man with advanced RCC. HANKS‐Pr, HANKS‐Lu and HANKS‐LN were established from the primary lesion and the metastatic lung and lymph node lesions, respectively. The susceptibility of HANKS cell lines to 18 different LAK cells obtained from either patients with urological cancer or from healthy volunteers was studied. The three groups of LAK cells were divided as follows: (A) LAK cells from RCC patients (n= 6)
(B) LAK cells from patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)/prostatic carcinoma (CaP) (n= 4) and (C) healthy volunteers (n= 8). A 51Cr‐releasing cytotoxic assay was used to determine susceptibility. Results The mean percentage lysis of the HANKS cell lines to the 18 allogenic LAK cells were 28.1% in HANKS‐Pr, 20.2% in HANKS‐Lu and 10.4% in HANKS‐LN. The susceptibility of HANKS‐LN to LAK cells was significantly lower than that of HANKS‐Pr and HANKS‐Lu in all three groups (P&lt
0.05). In contrast, the susceptibility of HANKS‐Pr was significantly higher than HANKS‐Lu in group A only (P&lt
0.01). Conclusion This is the first report to describe the different susceptibilities of primary RCC and metastatic RCC derived from the same patient. HANKS‐LN itself might be the least susceptible to LAK cells because it was not related to the source of LAK cells. Furthermore, RCC may affect the cytotoxicity of LAK cells to HANKS‐Pr. These data indicate there are at least two different types of mechanisms leading to the different susceptibilities of HANKS cells to LAK cells. Copyright © 1995, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

DOI： 10.1111/j.1464-410X.1995.tb07263.x

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.86.793_2

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The therapeutic effectiveness, safety and utility of vamicamide (FK176) was investigated by a double-blind controlled study on urinary frequency, urgency or incontinence of neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder with uninhibited contraction. The dosage of vamicamide (FK176) used was 36mg per day (Group F). A placebo (Group P) was used as the reference drug. 1. A total of 234 cases were enrolled in this study. Final global improvement rating (FGIR) was analyzed for 187 cases, overall safety rating (OSR) for 229 cases and utility rating (UR) for 200 cases. 2. Concerning the improvement rate of FGIR, Group F was significantly superior to Group P. The same was true for neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder. Concerning UR and the patients' impressions, Group F was significantly superior to Group P. 3. Concerning the improvement rate of each subjective symptom. Group F was significantly superior to Group P as regards urinary frequency, urgency, incontinence and the daily life of incontinent patients. Group F was significantly superior to Group P concerning the total improvement rate of three subjective symptoms. 4. Regarding urinary volume at first desire to void, maximum bladder capacity and compliance. Group F demonstrated a significant increase compared to Group P. Group F was significantly superior to Group P concerning the rate of disappearance or reduction of wave pattern of uninhibited contraction. 5. The incidence of side effects was significantly higher in Group F than in Group P. Most of the side effects were caused by the pharmacological action of this drug, which soon disappeared after withdrawal of the drug or symptomatic treatment. Concerning the incidence of abnormal changes in clinical laboratory examinations, no significant difference was found between the two groups. FK176, at a daily dose of 36mg, was considered to be clinically useful for patients with neurogenic bladder or unstable bladder with uninhibited contraction having urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate using a double-blind controlled study, the optimal dose of vamicamide in patients suffering from neurogenic or unstable bladder with uninhibited contraction, who complained of urinary frequency, urgency or incontinence. The daily doses were 12, 24 and 36mg and were given for 2 weeks. 1. A total of 96 patients were enrolled in this study. 75, 92 and 80 cases were analyzed for a final global improvement rating (FGIR), an overall safety rating (OSR) and a utility rating (UR), respectively. 2. The rates for FGIR were 68.0%, 54.2% and 50.0%, in the 36mg, 24mg and 12mg groups, respectively. The highest improvement rate was observed in the 36mg group. The UR rates were 63.0%, 50.0% and 59.3% in the 36mg, 24mg and 12mg groups, respectively. The UR was highest in the 36mg group. The OSR rates were affected mainly by the incidence of adverse effects, and the increasing order of OSR was 36mg (75.0%), followed by 12mg (82.1%) and 24mg (78.1%). The lowest safety rating was obtained in the 36mg group. 3. The improvement rates of subjective symptoms were 52.0% and 51.9% in the 24mg and 36mg groups, respectively, these being higher than that (38.5%) in the 12mg group. The highest improvement rate of subjective symptoms was obtained in the 36mg group concerning night-time urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence. 4. The urinary volume at the first desire to void and the maximum urinary volume of the bladder were most increased in the 36mg group. As for objective symptoms, the improvement rate (60.0%) in the 36mg group was higher than those (45.8% and 46.2%) in the 24mg and 12mg groups. 5. The main side effects were dry mouth and difficulty in urination, which could perhaps be lessened by the dosage regimen. From the aforementioned results, vamicamide seems to be a clinically useful drug for controlling urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence due to uninhibited contraction in those patients who are suffering from neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder. The optimal daily dose was suggested to be 36mg.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)東京医学社  

慢性血液透析施行中の65歳女性に発生したケイ酸結石の1例を報告した。原因としてケイ酸マグネシウム剤の長期服用が考えられた

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Publisher：一般社団法人 日本感染症学会  

In the previous study in this series of studies concerning the role of macrophages in urinary tract infection, we attempted to detect macrophages in the urine of acute bacterial cystitis patients by nonspecific esterase staining of urinary sediment, however none of the leukocytes stained, probably because of cell damage caused by the urine and by centrifugation. In the present study, detection of macrophages in urine was again attempted, this time by prompt transfer of urinary leukocytes to culture medium after minimum centrifugation, 1 hr culture in a glass bottom chamber and non-specific staining of leukocytes adhering to glass. Macrophages in urine were detected by this method, and they comprised 5.9% of the adherent leukocytes, although macrophage spreading, which implies macrophage activation and is often seen in the early stage of nonbacterial prostatitis, was hardly ever observed.<BR>The percentages of adherent leukocytes were not correlated with urine osmolarity, probably because the effect of urine was minimized by prompt transfer of urinary leukocytes to culture medium after the urine samples had been collected. There have been quite few studies involving culture of urinary leukocytes in the past. Our simple techniques, such as prompt transfer of urinary leukocytes to culture medium after centrifuging with minimum gravity and for a minimum period of time, appear to be useful in the study of urinary leukocytes using other cells which appear in urinary tract infection, as well as cytokines and antibiotics, to clarify cellular mechanisms of defense in urinary tract infection.

DOI： 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.67.659

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DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.84.121_4

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Language：English   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

We established four renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines (HANKS), namely the primary tumor (HANKS-Pr), metastasized to the lung (HANKS-Lu), liver (HANKS-Li) and lymph node (HANKS-LN) derived from a patient with advanced RCC, and analyzed their characters. Each had an epithelial morphology and exhibited multilayering. These cell lines have been maintained for more than 36 months and over 100 in vitro passages. In karyotype analysis, the common aberration in the four cell lines was marker chromosome t (3
18) (p13
q21). In soft agar culture, HANKS-Pr showed the lowest growth. Furthermore, we found high level expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen on HANKS-Pr and HANKS-Lu, and low expression of MHC class II antigen on four cell lines. HANKS-LN had transplantability in nude mice. We determined the different biological properties among HANKS cell lines stemming from the same origin. © 1993, THE JAPANESE UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.84.650

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

1986年10月～1990年2月の間の19例にRaz法,1990年6月～1991年5月の間の18例にGittes法を施行した.1991年8月にRaz法施行17例及びGittes法施行全例で追跡調査を行った.Raz法施行12例及びGittes法施行16例で失禁の消失或いは著明改善を認めた.重症な合併症はみなかった.Raz法の手術結果が不十分な理由は,早期症例における手術手技の未熟,及び症例選択の誤りであると考えられたWe performed Raz procedure and Gittes procedure for female stress incontinence since October 1986. Raz procedure was performed on 19 patients between October 1986 and February 1990, and Gittes procedure was performed on 18 patients between June 1990 and May 1991. We followed up 17 patients who underwent Raz procedure and all the patients who underwent Gittes procedure at the time August 1991. Disappearance or marked improvement of incontinence was confirmed in 12 patients by Raz procedure, and 16 patients by Gittes Procedure. No serious complications were recognized. The reason why the result of Raz procedure was not sufficient was due to our immature operative technique and incorrect patient selection in our early experience. From this experience, we believe that both procedures can be very useful and minimal invasive operation for female stress incontinence.

CiNii Books

J-GLOBAL

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PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.83.942_1

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Language：Japanese  

J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：金原出版(株)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

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Language：English   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

The activity of Etoposide (VP16) in combination chemotherapy against four human transitional cell carcinoma cell lines of bladder (TCCaB) was determined by in vitro colony formation assay. Four anti-tumor agents (methotrexate: MTX, vinblastine: VBL, adriamycin: ADM, cisplatin: DDP) were used for combination chemotherapy with VP16. The ADM + VP16 combination exhibited a strong synergistic antitumor effect against the human TCCaBs compared with other combinations in this study. The combination chemotherapy of ADM + VP16 may be useful as a new chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced bladder cancer.

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Language：English   Publisher：KARGER  

We studied subsets and cytotoxicity of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2)-expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from renal cell cancer (RCC) patients. TIL were successfully expanded in 13 of 14 RCC cases using anti-CD3 during the initial 48 h of culture. Percentages of CD8-positive cells among rIL-2-expanded TIL at 1-4 week(s) of culture were 56.2 +/- 15.1% (range 26.2-79.8%, n = 13) and not necessarily predominant over CD4-positive cells. Natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activities of TIL at 3-6 weeks of culture were 31.6 +/- 15.8% (range 1.4-57.4%, n = 9) and 16.6 +/- 11.6% (range 3.8-35.6%, n = 6), respectively. Autologous and allogeneic RCC cytotoxicity of TIL at 3-4 weeks of culture were 17.9 +/- 19.7% (range 0-47.6%, n = 4) and 18.9 +/- 14.8% (range 0-47.3%, n = 12), respectively. Since there was no statistical difference between them, autologous specific cytotoxicity was not demonstrated. From these result of the present study, it is unlikely that most of effector cells of rIL-2-expanded TIL in autologous RCC lysis are major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T cells. We concluded that it is doubtful whether TIL is significantly superior over LAK cells in immunotherapy of human RCC.

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.81.2143_2

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.81.2108_1

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Language：English   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

We studied subsets and cytotoxicity of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) expanded tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from renal cell cancer (RCC) patients. TIL were successfully expanded in 13 of 14 RCC cases using anti-CD3 during initial 48 hours of culture. Percentages of CD8 positive cells among rIL-2 expanded TIL at 1 tp 4 week (s) of culture were 56.2±15.1% (range 26.2 to 79.8%, N=13) and not necessarily predominant over CD4 positive cells. NK and LAK activities of TIL at 3 to 6 weeks of culture were 31.6±15.8% (range 1.4 to 57.4%, N=9) and 16.6±11.6% (range 3.8 to 35.6%, N=6), respectively. Autologous and allogeneic RCC cytotoxicity of TIL at 3 to 4 weeks of culture were 17.9±19.7% (range 0 to 47.6%, N=4) and 18.9±14.8% (range 0 to 47.3%, N=12), respectively. Since there was no statistical difference between them, autologous specific cytotoxicity was not demonstrated.<br>From these results of present study, it is unlikely that most of effector cells of rIL-2 expanded TIL in autologous RCC lysis are major histocompatibility complex restricted cytotoxic T cells. And we concluded that it is doubtful that TIL is significantly superior over LAK cells in immunotherapy of human RCC.

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.81.835

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

We compared the values obtained by double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoenzyme assay (IEA) for measuring the prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) in human serum. Mean PAP value of IEA in normal persons was 0.582 +/- 0.228 ng/ml (M+2SD, 1.038 ng/ml). Correction of two methods in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and prostate cancer patients was excellent [r = 0.9504, Y (IEA) = -0.4378 + 0.6529X (RIA)]. False positive cases were two by IEA and one by RIA in BPH patients.

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：泌尿器科紀要刊行会  

A 39-year-old man, who had been pointed out to have a lower abdominal mass, was admitted to our hospital. Physical examination revealed a child-head-sized mass with smooth surface in the middle part of the lower abdomen. Computerized tomographic scan showed the non-cystic mass located in the retroperitoneal space from the level of L5 to S5. An open biopsy was performed and pathological diagnosis was benign schwannoma (Antoni A and B type). Radical operation could not be performed because of his refusal. In addition to this case, 40 cases of retroperitoneal schwannoma reported in Japan are reviewed and discussed.

CiNii Books

J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会  

DOI： 10.5980/jpnjurol.80.1962_2

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：社団法人日本泌尿器科学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本泌尿器科学会  

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