記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床生理学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIMS: During intraoperative bleeding in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), switching to spray coagulation may be beneficial compared with the continuous use of swift coagulation and can reduce the need for hemostatic forceps. We retrospectively assessed the effectiveness of spray modes on intraoperative bleeding during gastric ESD. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 316 bleeding events (156 in the Swift group and 160 in the Spray group) were consecutively recorded. In the Swift group, hemostasis was performed using the swift mode with a retracted tip of the needle-type knife, followed by the hemostatic forceps. In the Spray group, bleeding was treated in a stepwise manner: the swift mode, the spray mode, and the hemostatic forceps. All bleeding events were assigned to one of two groups by an endoscopist who retrospectively reviewed the videos. We compared the use of hemostatic forceps, the total hemostatic time, and the cumulative hemostasis rate between the two groups.The use of hemostatic forceps was significantly lower in the Spray group than in the Swift group (32.7% vs. 13.8%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the total hemostatic time (Swift group, 20 s.; Spray group, 16 s.; P = 0.42), whereas the cumulative hemostasis rate with the knife was significantly higher in the Spray group (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that spray coagulation from the tip of the needle-type knife could reduce the use of hemostatic forceps. In gastric ESD, spray coagulation may facilitate the hemostasis of intraoperative bleeding.

DOI： 10.1002/jgh3.70002

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2024&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20240618090023&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003606%2F020%2F0883-0886%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003606%2F020%2F0883-0886%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Endoscopic hand suturing (EHS) was first developed to firmly close a mucosal defect following endoscopic submucosal dissection and has the potential for expanded applications. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of EHS in various clinical settings. In this single-center pilot study, 15 patients who had diseases with potential indications for EHS were prospectively recruited. Technical success, clinical success after the procedure, and severe EHS-related adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. EHS was applied for defect closure after gastric subepithelial lesion removal under laparoscopic observation (n = 9), defect closure after rectal endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) (n = 2), defect closure after thoracoscopy-assisted esophageal EFTR (n = 1), mucosal closure for gastric ulcer bleeding (n = 1), mucosal closure after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) (n = 1), and postoperative anastomotic leak (n = 1). EHS was completed without severe AEs and the clinical courses were also favorable in 13 patients (87%). The median suturing time was 61 minutes. In patients with POEM and anastomotic leak, EHS was discontinued because of the narrow lumen. In conclusion, EHS appears feasible and safe in situations.

DOI： 10.1055/a-2284-9492

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

OBJECTIVE: Mucosal incision-assisted biopsy (MIAB) has been introduced as an alternative to endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for tissue sampling of subepithelial lesions. However, there have been few reports on MIAB, and the evidence is lacking, particularly in small lesions. In this case series, we investigated the technical outcomes and postprocedural influences of MIAB for gastric subepithelial lesions 10 mm or greater in size. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed cases with the intraluminal growth type of possible gastrointestinal stromal tumors, in which MIAB was performed at a single institution between October 2020 and August 2022. Technical success, adverse events, and clinical courses following the procedure were evaluated. RESULTS: In 48 MIAB cases with a median tumor diameter of 16 mm, the success rate of tissue sampling and the diagnostic rate were 96% and 92%, respectively. Two biopsies were considered sufficient for making the definitive diagnosis. Postoperative bleeding occurred in one case (2%). In 24 cases, surgery has performed a median of two months after MIAB, and no unfavorable findings caused by MIAB were seen intraoperatively. Finally, 23 cases were histologically diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and no patients who underwent MIAB experienced recurrence or metastasis during a median observation period of 13 months. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicated that MIAB appears feasible, safe, and useful for histological diagnosis of gastric intraluminal growth types of possible gastrointestinal stromal tumors, even those of a small size. Postprocedural clinical effects were considered negligible.

DOI： 10.1002/deo2.264

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記述言語：英語  

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an intermediate malignancy with myofibroblast proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration with malignant potential. Primary IMTs are predominantly reported in the lungs, while gastric IMTs are very rare. Therefore, no guidelines exist for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric IMTs. The present case is a 39-year-old man diagnosed with an asymptomatic gastric submucosal tumor. Considering the malignancy of the tumor, we selected non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery as the resection method and successfully performed local resection. Histopathological analysis showed myofibroblast proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration, with a diagnosis of primary gastric IMT and negative resection margins. Immunohistochemical staining was negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase. To the best of our knowledge, including our case, there have been 52 reported cases of primary gastric IMTs that have been treated, with several recurrent cases. In this study, we report the first case of local resection of gastric IMT using non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery, with a literature review.

DOI： 10.1002/deo2.243

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Tumor size impacts the technical difficulty and histological curability of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD); however, the preoperative evaluation of tumor size is often different from histological assessment. Analyzing influential factors on failure to obtain an accurate tumor size evaluation could help prepare optimal conditions for safer and more reliable ESD. AIM: To investigate the tumor size discrepancy between endoscopic and pathological evaluations and the influencing factors. METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted at a single institution. A total of 377 lesions removed by colorectal ESD at our hospital between April 2018 and March 2022 were collected. We first assessed the difference in size with an absolute percentage of the scaling discrepancy. Subsequently, we compared the clinicopathological characteristics of the correct scaling group (> -33% and < 33%) with that of the incorrect scaling group (< -33% or > 33%), which was further subdivided into the underscaling group (-33% or less of the discrepancy) and overscaling group (33% or more of the discrepancy), respectively. As secondary outcome measures, parameters on size estimation were compared between the underscaling and correct scaling groups, as well as between the overscaling and correct scaling groups. Finally, multivariate analysis was performed in terms of the following relevant parameters on size estimation: Pathological size, location, and possible influential factors (P < 0.1) in the univariate analysis. RESULTS: The mean of absolute percentage in the scaling discordance was 21%, and 91 lesions were considered to be incorrectly estimated in size. The incorrect scaling was significantly remarkable in larger lesions (40 mm vs 28 mm; P < 0.001) and less experience (P < 0.001), and these two factors were influential on the underscaling (75 lesions; P < 0.001). Conversely, compared with the correct scaling group, 16 lesions in the overscaling group were significantly small (20 mm vs 28 mm; P < 0.001), and the small lesion size was influential on the overscaling (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Lesions indicated for colorectal ESD tended to be underestimated in large tumors, but overestimated in small ones. This discrepancy appears worth understanding for optimal procedural preparation.

DOI： 10.4253/wjge.v16.i3.136

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An increasing number of patients are undergoing gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with active prescriptions of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Only a few reports have described the effects of DOAC intake on postoperative bleeding. We aimed to investigate the bleeding risk associated with DOACs after gastric ESD. METHODS: Clinical studies published up to April 2022 showing bleeding rates after gastric ESD in patients taking DOACs were identified using electronic searches. The primary outcome was the rate of bleeding after gastric ESD in patients receiving DOACs compared to those not receiving antithrombotic therapy. In this meta-analysis, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and pooled using a random effects model. The secondary outcome was the difference in the bleeding rate between patients treated with DOACs and those treated with warfarin and antiplatelet drugs. RESULTS: Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that DOACs had a higher bleeding rate than non-thrombotic therapy (17.0% vs. 3.4%; OR 5.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.33-7.54; I2 = 0%). The bleeding risk associated with DOAC administration was similar to that associated with warfarin (17.0% vs. 20.0%; OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.59-1.18; I2 = 0%), whereas it was higher than that associated with antiplatelet administration (16.9% vs. 11.0%; OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.14-2.34; I2 = 8%). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis reveals that the bleeding risk of DOACs is higher than that of non-antithrombotics and antiplatelets, whereas it is comparable to that of warfarin. Gastric ESD in patients on anticoagulants requires careful postoperative management.

DOI： 10.1007/s10620-024-08271-6

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

＜文献概要＞はじめに 大腸憩室出血の内視鏡診療における責任憩室としてstigmata of recent hemorrhage(SRH)の同定の重要性に関しては以前より多数の報告がある。大規模コホート研究であるCODE BLUE-J Studyでも,SRH陽性大腸憩室出血に対して内視鏡止血術を行うと,SRH陽性保存治療群およびSRH陰性大腸憩室出血群に比して,早期および後期再出血率が有意に減少することが示されている。しかし,大腸憩室出血の治療戦略としてSRH同定に妥当性が認知されてきた一方で,SRH陽性率は決して高くはないというデータも多い。大規模後ろ向き観察研究Code Blue-J studyでもSRH陽性率は30.9%と低く,実臨床ではSRHを同定できずに大腸内視鏡を終了するケースも非常に多い。本稿では,大腸憩室出血の出血点(SRH)の同定率を向上させる工夫や同定できなかった場合の対処,および内視鏡処置困難例などについて,内視鏡前の検査,大腸内視鏡中の効率的なSRH同定方法,SRH非同定時の内視鏡終了後の対応,内視鏡止血術が困難な場合に分けて述べる。

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2024&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20240404140025&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003603%2F021%2F0401-0405%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2024%2F003603%2F021%2F0401-0405%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Collaborative surgery by both endoscopists and surgeons is considered effective for providing less invasive local resection of gastrointestinal tumors, to offset the limitations of either pure endoscopic treatments or surgical intervention. The clinical outcomes of collaborative surgery were evaluated to investigate the feasibility and safety of this approach. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective observational study, we collected data from consecutive patients who underwent collaborative surgery for lesions located from the laryngopharynx to the anus. The completeness of collaboration, technical success, procedure time, postoperative hospitalization period, and occurrence of adverse events were analyzed. RESULTS: Collaboration surgery was performed for 134 lesions (33 laryngopharyngeal, 2 esophageal, 89 gastric, 8 duodenal and 2 recto-anal) in 131 patients. Collaboration completeness was achieved in 129 lesions (96%). En bloc resection and pathological R0 resection of lesions were achieved in 127 (95%) and 124 (93%) lesions, respectively. The mean procedure time was 188 min. The mean time of discharge was the 11th postoperative day. Five patients (4%) developed relevant postoperative adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that collaborative surgery by endoscopists and surgeons was feasible and safe, and may contribute to providing less invasive treatment than conventional surgery. Collaborative surgery is worth considering as a flexible and reliable surgical option, when cooperation may outperform either treatment alone.

DOI： 10.20524/aog.2024.0921

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Subclinical stricture after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) makes the detection and re-ESD of metachronous lesions difficult. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of prophylactic steroid use after esophageal ESD for mucosal defects with a circumference less than 75% for the prevention of symptomatic and asymptomatic stricture. METHODS: In 80 retrospectively enrolled patients, we collected paired endoscopic images of a mucosal defects immediately after resection and a scar thereafter. After calculating circumference by image analysis software, all patients were classified into three groups in reference to mucosal defect circumference (MDC; ≤ 50%, 50-75%, ≥ 75%). Frequency of steroid use and symptomatic stricture were compared, and in < 75% MDC patients, a degree of asymptomatic stricture with or without steroid was compared by calculating a scar contraction rate (SCR). RESULTS: In the ≤ 50% (43 patients), 50-75% (27 patients) and ≥ 75% (10 patients) MDC groups, steroids were used in 12%, 59% and 100%, respectively, and symptomatic stricture occurred in 0%, 7% and 40%, respectively. In < 75% MDC patients, SCR in the steroid cohort was significantly lower than that in the nonsteroid cohort (42% vs. 65%, p = 0.002). No steroid-related adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: Steroid use even for mucosal defects with < 75% circumference appears effective for the reduction of the risk on both symptomatic and asymptomatic stricture after esophageal ESD.

DOI： 10.1007/s00464-023-09988-7

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記述言語：英語  

A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a tarry stool. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy identified tiny oozing on the greater curvature at the antrum. Despite repeated endoscopic hemostasis by coagulation and clipping, rebleeding occurred. On the third rebleeding, we performed endoscopic hand suturing to completely close the ulcer surface. Biopsy showing massive infiltration of eosinophils at the ulcer edge indicated eosinophilic gastritis. After the endoscopic closure by endoscopic hand suturing, the patient had no symptoms of bleeding thereafter and was discharged 19 days after the procedure by taking oral prednisolone. The patient remained well and was continuously treated with a small dose of steroids in outpatient. This is the first case report of the successful application of endoscopic hand suturing to a refractory hemorrhagic ulcer. Further accumulation of clinical experiences is desired to confirm the usefulness of this technique for the prevention of refractory ulcer bleeding.

DOI： 10.1002/deo2.207

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic suturing of a mucosal defect is expected to prevent postoperative bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Endoscopic suturing causes mucosal deformity, which may interfere with endoscopic surveillance thereafter. We retrospectively investigated long-term chronological changes in mucosal suturing by endoscopic suturing. METHODS: Forty-three patients who underwent endoscopic hand suturing (EHS) after gastric ESD at three institutions were enrolled. First, our hypothesis that the suturing sites healed via inflammation, disappearance of mucosal inversion, and flattening was validated. Subsequently, the duration required to reach each healing step was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 137 follow-up endoscopies were assessed, in which all cases showed the hypothesized chronological course on the suturing sites. The 95th percentiles of the duration when showing the disappearance of the inflammatory change and the inverted change were 63 days and 15.5 months after the procedure, respectively. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The data show that the mucosal deformity induced by EHS disappeared within 16 months. Endoscopic suturing is thus considered to have a negligible effect on endoscopic surveillance following the procedure.

DOI： 10.1159/000527350

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1055/a-1884-0065

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: The risk of bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in antithrombotic agent users has increased, and its management remains a problem. Second-look endoscopy (SLE) following gastric ESD in antithrombotic agent users may be effective in preventing delayed bleeding, but this requires elucidation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of SLE in reducing bleeding after gastric ESD in patients receiving antithrombotic agents. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at 19 referral hospitals in Japan. A total of 1,245 patients who were receiving antithrombotic agents underwent gastric ESD between January 2013 and July 2018. The incidence of delayed bleeding was compared between SLE and non-SLE groups using propensity score matching analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 858 patients (SLE group, 657 patients; non-SLE group, 201 patients) were analyzed. After matching, 198 pairs were created. Delayed bleeding occurred in 10 patients (5.1%) in the SLE group and 16 patients (8.1%) in the non-SLE group [odds ratio (OR) 0.605, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-1.46, p = 0.310]. In the subgroup analysis, SLE reduced the incidence of delayed bleeding in patients receiving heparin bridging therapy (6.3% and 40.0%, respectively; p = 0.004). In the SLE group, prophylactic coagulation did not significantly reduce delayed bleeding compared to the no treatment group (14.6% and 8.6%, respectively; p = 0.140). CONCLUSIONS: SLE was ineffective in reducing bleeding after gastric ESD in antithrombotic agent users, overall. A prospective comparative study is warranted to definitively evaluate the effectiveness of SLE in reducing bleeding in high-risk patients.

DOI： 10.1007/s10120-022-01303-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Endocytoscopy (ECS) aids early gastric cancer (EGC) diagnosis by visualization of cells. However, it is difficult for non-experts to accurately diagnose EGC using ECS. In this study, we developed and evaluated a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based system for ECS-aided EGC diagnosis. METHODS: We constructed a CNN based on a residual neural network with a training dataset comprising 906 images from 61 EGC cases and 717 images from 65 noncancerous gastric mucosa (NGM) cases. To evaluate diagnostic ability, we used an independent test dataset comprising 313 images from 39 EGC cases and 235 images from 33 NGM cases. The test dataset was further evaluated by three endoscopists, and their findings were compared with CNN-based results. RESULTS: The trained CNN required 7.0 s to analyze the test dataset. The area under the curve of the total ECS images was 0.93. The CNN produced 18 false positives from 7 NGM lesions and 74 false negatives from 28 EGC lesions. In the per-image analysis, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 83.2%, 76.4%, 92.3%, 93.0%, and 74.6%, respectively, with the CNN and 76.8%, 73.4%, 81.3%, 83.9%, and 69.6%, respectively, for the endoscopist-derived values. The CNN-based findings had significantly higher specificity than the findings determined by all endoscopists. In the per-lesion analysis, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the CNN-based findings were 86.1%, 82.1%, 90.9%, 91.4%, and 81.1%, respectively, and those of the results calculated by the endoscopists were 82.4%, 79.5%, 85.9%, 86.9%, and 78.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with three endoscopists, our CNN for ECS demonstrated higher specificity for EGC diagnosis. Using the CNN in ECS-based EGC diagnosis may improve the diagnostic performance of endoscopists.

DOI： 10.1186/s12876-022-02312-y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether prophylactic endoscopic closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) reduces the risk of postoperative adverse events due to variability in lesion characteristics. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study using propensity score matching to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic clip closure in preventing postoperative adverse events after colorectal ESD. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 219 colorectal neoplasms which were removed by ESD. The patients were allocated into the closure and non-closure groups, which were compared before and after propensity-score matching. Post-ESD adverse events including major and minor bleeding and delayed perforation were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In this present study, 97 and 122 lesions were allocated to the closure and non-closure groups, respectively, and propensity score matching created 61 matched pairs. The rate of adverse events was significantly lower in the closure group than in the non-closure group (8% vs. 28%, P = 0.008). Delayed perforation occurred in two patients in the non-closure group, whereas no patient in the closure group developed delayed perforation. In contrast, there were no significant differences in other postoperative events including the rate of abdominal pain; fever, white blood cell count, and C-reactive protein; and appetite loss between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Propensity score matching analysis demonstrated that prophylactic closure was associated with a significantly reduced rate of adverse events after colorectal ESD. When technically feasible, mucosal defect closure after colorectal ESD may result in a favorable postoperative course.

DOI： 10.1186/s12876-022-02202-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains problematic, especially in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors. In this retrospective study, patients (n = 1,207) who underwent gastric ESD while receiving antithrombotic therapy were enrolled at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital and 18 other referral hospitals in Japan. Risks of post-ESD bleeding were calculated using multivariable logistic regression. The dataset was divided into a derivation cohort and a validation cohort. We created a prediction model using the derivation cohort. The accuracy of the model was evaluated using the validation cohort. Post-ESD bleeding occurred in 142 (11.8%) participants. Multivariable analysis yielded an odds ratio of 2.33 for aspirin, 4.90 for P2Y12 receptor antagonist, 1.79 for cilostazol, 0.95 for other antithrombotic agents, 6.53 for warfarin, 5.65 for dabigatran, 7.84 for apixaban, 10.45 for edoxaban, 6.02 for rivaroxaban, and 1.46 for heparin bridging. The created prediction model was called safe ESD management using the risk analysis of post-bleeding in patients with antithrombotic therapy (SAMURAI). This model had good predictability, with a C-statistic of 0.77. In conclusion, use of the SAMURAI model will allow proactive management of post-ESD bleeding risk in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy.

DOI： 10.3164/jcbn.21-136

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Noninvasive, imaging diagnosis of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors (GIMTs) is still difficult. This study aimed to develop a novel diagnostic method of GIMTs via endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) using circularity. METHODS: In a derivation series, we retrospectively collected 50 GIMTs 2-5 cm in diameter of two institutions. After selecting one EUS still image showing the maximal area per lesion, two endoscopists who were blind to the histological diagnosis assessed circularity, a surrogate indicator of roundness (range, 0-1; 1 = a true circle), with an image-analyzing software. Median circularity of three types of GIMT was compared, and the cutoff value to differentiate a group from other groups was presented by drawing a receiver operating characteristic curve. Subsequently, we assessed the diagnostic ability of circularity in 91 GIMTs which were retrospectively collected from the other two institutions by using the optimal cutoff value presented in the derivation series. RESULTS: The circularity in leiomyomas indicated 0.70 and was significantly lower than that of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (0.89), schwannomas (0.90), and their combined group. When leiomyomas were diagnosed as the circularity of <0.8305, which was presented as the optimal cutoff value, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the validation series were 73.6%, 80.0%, and 72.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The data demonstrated that leiomyomas significantly exhibited more distortion than other GIMTs. That implies that the difference in shape, which is objectively determined as circularity, is useful to noninvasively discriminate leiomyomas from other GIMTs.

DOI： 10.1159/000523881

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記述言語：英語  

Esophageal submucosal hematoma is a rare disease mainly caused by mechanical stimulation to the esophageal wall. We reported a case of esophageal submucosal hematoma after transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) which was performed during cardiovascular surgery. The stimuli of TEE insertion under general anesthesia and the perioperative use of multiple antithrombotic agents were considered as a possible cause. This is the first report of esophageal submucosal hematoma related to TEE, and endoscopic ultrasonography should be carefully performed in patients, particularly at bleeding tendency and without consciousness.

DOI： 10.1159/000525036

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Surgery is recommended in early gastric cancer (EGC) after noncurative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), although observation can be an alternative. We aimed to develop a tailor-made treatment strategy for noncurative EGCs by comparing the lymph node metastasis risk (LNMR) and the surgical risk. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 485 patients with differentiated-type, noncurative EGCs removed by ESD and classified them into two groups: a surgery-preferable group and an observation-preferable group, according to the clinical courses. Subsequently, LNMR and surgery-related death risk were assessed using a published scoring system and a risk calculator for gastrectomy, respectively. Finally, we investigated the optimal cutoff value of the risk difference (LNMR minus surgery-related death risk) to efficiently allocate these cases into either of two groups, surgery-preferable or observation-preferable. RESULTS: In 485 patients (surgery in 322, observation in 163), 57 and 428 patients were classified into the surgery-preferable group and the observation-preferable group, respectively. The optimal cutoff value of the risk difference (LNMR minus surgery-related death risk) to allocate the cases to the two preferable groups was 7.85 with the highest area under the curve (0.689). When cases with >7.85 LNMR over the surgery-related death risk were allocated into the surgery-preferable group and vice versa, the discriminability was 73.2%, which was sufficiently higher than that in the clinical decision (44.5%). CONCLUSION: Personalized comparison of LNMR and surgery-related death risk is helpful to provide a favorable treatment option for each patient with EGCs after noncurative ESD.

DOI： 10.1159/000523972

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Prevention of postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery is still required. This study investigated the feasibility of endoscopic hand suturing (EHS) on rectal anastomosis ex vivo. By using isolated porcine colon, we prepared ten anastomoses 6-10 cm from the virtual anus. Then, we sutured anastomoses intraluminally by EHS, which involved a continuous suturing method in 5 cases and a nodule suturing method with extra corporeal ligation in 5 cases. Completeness of suturing, number of stitches, procedure time and presence of stenosis were investigated. Furthermore, the degree of stenosis was compared between the two suturing methods. In all cases, EHS were successfully completed. The median number of stitches and procedure time was 8 and 5.8 min, respectively. Stenosis was created in all continuous suturing cases whereas none was seen in nodule suturing cases. The shortening rate was significantly greater in the continuous suturing method than in the nodule suturing method. Intraluminal reinforcement of rectal anastomosis by EHS using nodule suturing with extra corporeal ligation is feasible without stenosis, which may be helpful as a countermeasure against possible postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-01396-y

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) visualization offers better depth recognition than two-dimensional (2D) imaging, thus helping to provide more useful information. We compared 3D and 2D endoscopy with regard to endoscopic recognition and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) marking for superficial gastric neoplasia. METHODS: ESD marking was performed on half of a neoplasia margin under 2D observation and the on other half under 3D observation for 28 gastric lesions (26 early gastric cancers and 2 adenomas). The accuracy of ESD marking was evaluated based on the distance between the pathological and endoscopic neoplasia margins measured on histology sections of ESD specimens. The technical ease of ESD marking and endoscopic lesion recognition (lesion morphology, lesion extent, and comprehensive endoscopic cognition) were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires. RESULTS: The mean distance between the pathological and endoscopic margins under 3D observation (1.03 ± 0.80 mm) was significantly (p = 0.002) shorter than that under 2D observation (1.94 ± 1.96 mm). The VAS for technical ease of ESD marking under 3D observation was significantly better (p < 0.01) than that under 2D observation. The VAS for all aspects of endoscopic recognition under 3D observation was significantly better (p < 0.01) than under 2D observation. CONCLUSIONS: 3D flexible endoscopy achieved more accurate endoscopic recognition and ESD marking for superficial gastric neoplasia than a 2D approach in a clinical setting of ESD.

DOI： 10.1007/s00464-020-08124-z

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) technology has been used in many fields, including flexible endoscopy. We evaluated the usefulness of 3D visualization for endoscopically diagnosing superficial gastric neoplasia. METHODS: Twelve participants (4 novices, 4 trainees and 4 experts) evaluated two-dimensional (2D) and 3D endoscopic still images of 28 gastric neoplasias, obtained before ESD with white-light imaging (WLI) and narrow-band imaging (NBI). Assessments of the delineation accuracy of tumor extent and tumor morphology under 2D and 3D visualization were based on the histopathological diagnosis of ESD specimens. Participants answered visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires (0-10, worst to best) concerning the (a) ease of recognition of lesion morphology, (b) lesion extent and (c) comprehensive endoscopic cognition under 2D and 3D visualization. The endpoints were the accuracy of tumor extent and morphology type and the degree of confidence in assessing (a)-(c). RESULTS: The delineation accuracy of lesion extent [mean (95% confidence interval)] with WLI under 3D visualization [60.2% (56.1-64.3%)] was significantly higher than that under 2D visualization [52.3% (48.2-56.4%)] (P < 0.001). The accuracy with NBI under 3D visualization [70.3% (66.8-73.7%)] was also significantly higher than that under 2D visualization [64.2% (60.7-67.4%)] (P < 0.001). The accuracy of the morphology type with NBI under 3D visualization was significantly higher than that under 2D visualization (P = 0.004). The VAS for all aspects of endoscopic recognition under 3D visualization was significantly better than that under 2D visualization (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional visualization can enhance the diagnostic quality for superficial gastric tumors.

DOI： 10.1186/s12876-021-01829-y

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

With advancements in the development of flexible endoscopes and endoscopic devices and the increased demand for minimally invasive treatments, the indications of therapeutic endoscopy have been expanded. Methods of endoscopic treatment used for tissue removal, hemostasis, and dilatation are as follows. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is considered the gold standard curative method for removal of gastrointestinal node-negative neoplasms, regardless of their size or the presence of ulcer formation. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS), which incorporates ESD, was introduced for removal of lesions in deeper layers. Another technique is endoscopic full-thickness resection, which is challenging without the assistance of laparoscopy. In terms of hemostasis, management of iatrogenic bleeding after endoscopic treatment is an important issue. Shielding methods and suturing techniques have been introduced for large mucosal defects after ESD, and their efficacy has been investigated clinically. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a new alternative surgical approach for minimally invasive treatment of esophageal achalasia. Furthermore, endoscopic fundoplication after POEM was devised to prevent post-POEM gastroesophageal reflux disease. Many endoscopic treatments, including ESD, LECS, and POEM, have been introduced in Japan. With the aging of the population, more attention will be directed toward therapeutic endoscopy for elderly patients, because it is less invasive. Development of endoscopic treatments with expanded indications is expected.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-109

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A non-neoplastic epithelium (NE) often appears in gastric cancer (GC). We explored the histological features of NE in comparison between HP-eradicated and HP-infected GCs. We enrolled 40 HP-eradicated and 40 HP-infected GCs matched by size, macroscopic and histological type. NE was classified into full gland type and surface type; the former was a non-neoplastic gland isolated within cancer, and the latter was NE on the surface of the cancer. Surface type was additionally divided into NE at the cancer margin (marginal surface type) and NE inside cancer (internal surface type). The primary endpoints were the frequency and the length ratio (the ratio to cancer length) of NE. The secondary endpoints were the relationships between NE and clinicopathological factors, including endoscopic findings of a gastritis-like appearance (GLA), reddish depressed lesion (RDL), and white nodular mucosa (WNM). The frequency and length ratio of the internal surface type in HP-eradicated GCs were significantly higher (82.5% vs 50%, P = 0.005) and larger (11.6 ± 10.6 vs 4.2 ± 9.9, P < 0.001) than those in HP-infected GCs, and the increase was more significant according to the passage of time since HP eradication. The frequency and length ratio of marginal surface type and full gland type were not significantly different between the two groups, but the coexistence of internal surface and full gland types was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The frequencies of GLA, RDLs, and WNM in HP-eradicated GCs were significantly higher than those in HP-infected GCs. GLA-positive GCs were covered more widely by internal surface type than GLA-negative GCs (13.3% vs. 6.6%, P = 0.003). Various types of NE were noted in gastric cancer, and the internal surface type of NE was shown to be significantly linked to HP-eradicated cancer and GLA.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0248333

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal muscular sampling is useful in the histological assessment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. We devised a new sampling method to obtain a large volume of muscle tissues and then investigated the feasibility and safety of endoscopic muscular resection with a ligation device in an in vivo porcine model. METHODS: After establishing a submucosal tunnel, a rubber band was placed on the muscle tissue by sucking the exposed muscle layer. Thereafter, the established pseudopolyp was removed using an electrocautery snare, and the entry site of the submucosal tunnel was closed endoscopically. This procedure was performed at three sites in the esophagus and stomach of two pigs. The technical success, histology, and survival rate on postoperative day 7 were examined postoperatively. RESULTS: We successfully completed the mentioned procedure in 11 of the 12 sites (92%), without the occurrence of severe adverse events. The median diameters of obtained tissues from the esophagus and stomach, respectively, were 5 mm and 10 mm. Histologically, both the inner and outer muscle layers were included in all specimens. The postprocedural course was found uneventful in both pigs during the observatory period. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic muscular resection using a ligation device enabled us to obtain large and thick muscle tissue samples. This approach may facilitate more precise histological assessments of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

DOI： 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-602

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: An appropriate traction of the target lesion is a key for a safe and secure ESD procedure. We proposed the flexible traction method (F-trac) which provided an optimal traction using an endoscopic hand-suturing (EHS) and investigated the usefulness of this technique for gastric ESD in-vivo porcine model. METHODS: In the F-trac method, a lesion was suspended by pulling proximal side of endoscope which was connected to the contralateral side with a barbed suture using the EHS technique just before starting the submucosal dissection. A single endoscopist performed conventional ESD (C-ESD) and F-trac ESD alternately for a total of ten simulating lesions of 3 cm in diameter in a live porcine stomach. The pig was rotated so that each lesion was positioned in the direction of the gravity. The procedure time, technical accuracy, adverse events, and the number of additional injection to the submucosal layer during dissection were evaluated. RESULTS: The total ESD procedure time in the F-trac group was significantly shorter than in C-ESD group (19.0 min vs. 30.6 min, p = 0.039). There were no significant differences between both groups in muscular layer damage, sample damage, perforation, and intraoperative bleeding. The number of additional injection in the F-trac group was significantly fewer than that in C-ESD group (0 times vs. 4.4 times, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: In gastric ESD, F-trac might be useful for shortening the total procedure time. This method can facilitate optimal traction without disturbing the endoscopic visualization and the movement of endoscope.

DOI： 10.1007/s00464-020-07850-8

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Three-dimensional (3D) flexible endoscopy, a new imaging modality that provides a stereoscopic view, can facilitate endoscopic hand suturing (EHS), a novel intraluminal suturing technique. This ex-vivo pilot study evaluated the usefulness of 3D endoscopy in EHS. METHODS: Four endoscopists (two certified, two non-certified) performed EHS in six sessions on a soft resin pad. Each session involved five stitches, under alternating 3D and two-dimensional (2D) conditions. Suturing time (sec/session), changes in suturing time, and accuracy of suturing were compared between 2D and 3D conditions. RESULTS: The mean suturing time was shorter in 3D than in 2D (9.8±3.4 min/session vs. 11.2±5.1 min/session) conditions and EHS was completed faster in 3D conditions, particularly by non-certified endoscopists. The suturing speed increased as the 3D sessions progressed. Error rates (failure to grasp the needle, failure to thread the needle, and puncture retrial) in the 3D condition were lower than those in the 2D condition, whereas there was no apparent difference in deviation distance. CONCLUSION: 3D endoscopy may contribute to increasing the speed and accuracy of EHS in a short time period. Stereoscopic viewing during 3D endoscopy may help in efficient skill acquisition for EHS, particularly among novice endoscopists.

DOI： 10.5946/ce.2019.207

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2023&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20231130230014&doc_link_id=10.24479%2Fendo.0000001114&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24479%2Fendo.0000001114&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2023&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20231027060088&doc_link_id=10.24479%2Fendo.0000001038&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24479%2Fendo.0000001038&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本高齢消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本高齢消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本高齢消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本高齢消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本消化器病学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本医科大学医学会  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2023&ichushi_jid=J04260&link_issn=&doc_id=20230526360017&doc_link_id=%2Fcw1nimed%2F2023%2F001902%2F019%2F0178-0190%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fcw1nimed%2F2023%2F001902%2F019%2F0178-0190%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2023&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20230517050015&doc_link_id=10.24479%2Fendo.0000000709&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24479%2Fendo.0000000709&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本外科学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本胃癌学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

食道癌は異時多発癌,二次原発悪性腫瘍(食道癌以外の重複癌)の頻度が高く,根治内視鏡切除後のサーベイランスが必須である。内視鏡切除後異時多発癌は,ヨード不染なし群で年率2.8%,ヨード不染1～9個群4.7%,ヨード不染10個以上群18.9%と大きく異なる。ESD後サーベイランス内視鏡(EGD)の実施間隔は,検査1回の癌診断率が一定範囲内になることが望ましい。ヨード不染なし群年1回の癌診断率は2.8%,ヨード不染1～9個群半年間隔は2.4%,ヨード不染10個以上群3ヵ月間隔は4.7%となり,ヨード不染例では少なくとも半年ごとのEGDが必要である。二次原発悪性腫瘍はヨード不染がリスク因子で,頻度の高い頭頸部癌・胃癌はEGDでサーベイランスできる。次に多い肺癌・大腸癌・泌尿器癌は,CTや大腸内視鏡(CS)が未実施だと癌死しうるため,注意を要する。高リスクのまだら食道では根治ESD後でも年1回CT(頸部～骨盤)や一度はCSを行うなど,リスクに応じた二次原発悪性腫瘍のサーベイランスが求められる。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2022&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20230124070020&doc_link_id=10.24479%2Fendo.0000000541&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24479%2Fendo.0000000541&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

粘膜下腫瘍(submucosal tumor:SMT)表面の粘膜を切開し,生検鉗子を用いて露出した病変から目視下に直接組織を採取する粘膜切開生検(mucosal incision-assisted biopsy:MIAB)は,病理診断のgold standardであるEUS-FNAに比し遜色ない診断能を有し,EUS-FNAで採取困難な小型のSMTに対しても高い組織採取率を示す有用な手段である.高周波デバイスがあれば施行可能であるため,特に消化管内視鏡治療医には技術的ハードルが低く,アプローチしやすい手技であるといえる.しかしながら現時点ではエビデンスが十分とはいえず,多数例での有用性評価,長期経過も含めた安全性の確認および手技の標準化が望まれる.(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本ヘリコバクター学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本消化器病学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20211105230047&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2021%2F0033s1%2F048%2F0259-0262%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2021%2F0033s1%2F048%2F0259-0262%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

H.pylori感染率が低下するなか、自己免疫性胃炎を診断する機会が増加している。自己免疫性胃炎はさまざまな胃病変を合併するが、本邦多施設共同研究によると過形成性ポリープ21.1%、1型神経内分泌腫瘍(NET)11.4%、胃癌9.8%の発生頻度であった。1型NETは大多数が小病変であるが、転移例も少数報告されており、その予後は良好と考えられている。自己免疫性胃炎に伴う胃癌の特徴は、(1)自己免疫性胃炎が高度に進行した悪性貧血を合併することが多い、(2)肉眼型は0-IIa型または0-I型の隆起型が多い、(3)局在はM領域が約半数だがL領域にも一定程度みられる、(4)組織型は分化型腺癌が多数を占め胃型粘液形質が優勢、(5)大多数が早期胃癌で進行胃癌は稀、である。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20210802080007&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2021%2F003307%2F008%2F1124-1133%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2021%2F003307%2F008%2F1124-1133%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

早期胃癌ESD非治癒切除症例は「内視鏡的根治度(eCura)C-2症例」と呼ばれ、原則的に追加外科手術が推奨されている。一方、高齢で複数併存疾患を有するいわゆる手術ハイリスク症例では、無治療経過観察も選択肢となる。eCuraC-2症例かつ手術ハイリスクの場合、追加治療方針の決定には病変側因子(病理結果から推測されるリンパ節転移リスク)と患者側因子(年齢や併存疾患から予測される手術リスクおよび非胃癌死を含む生命予後)の両者を考慮する必要がある。現在、病変側因子についてはリンパ節転移リスクを予測するスコアリングシステムが提案され、また患者側因子に関してもさまざまな予後予測指標の有用性や侵襲性の低い術式が模索されている。近い将来、ESD非治癒切除症例における病変側因子と患者側因子の両者を包括的にとらえた、治療方針決定のアルゴリズムの登場が期待される。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

内視鏡診療における鎮静の使用頻度は年々上昇しており、外来内視鏡においても例外ではない。これまでの全国調査で、前処置においては鎮静・鎮痛薬に関連する偶発症が最も多いことがわかっている。そうした背景をふまえ2013年に「内視鏡診療における鎮静に関するガイドライン」が作成され、それから7年後の2020年には第2版が作成されるに至った。このガイドラインにおいて、安全に内視鏡検査・治療を遂行するための標準的な指針が示されている。鎮静下内視鏡では中等度の鎮静が至適とされるが、検査数や安全性が求められる外来内視鏡においては、鎮静深度を浅めに設定する必要がある。この微妙な調整を行うためには使用する薬剤のそれぞれの特徴を理解し、患者背景に応じた薬剤の選択など、より細かなマネジメントが求められる。鎮静の安心・安全な運用のために、個々の患者の希望、年齢、合併症、社会的状況、施設の事情によって柔軟に対応する必要がある。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

緊急内視鏡は、通常の内視鏡とは異なり「急性症状の改善を目的とした内視鏡検査および治療」と定義されている。対象はすでに症状を有し、時に重篤化しつつある。あるいはすでに重篤な症状を呈している患者となることから、その周術期管理もより厳格に行う必要がある。適応について迅速かつ十分に検討し、遅滞なく内視鏡の準備とスタッフの確保を行ったうえで、厳重なモニタリングのもと内視鏡を行う。診断を行いつつ処置の適応と方法を決定し、すかさず適切な処置へと移行する。目的が達成できた時点でただちに検査を終了し、慎重に術後管理を行う。特に高齢者、重篤な併存疾患を有する患者、抗血栓薬服用者はハイリスクと考えられるため、医療安全を考慮しつつ、個々の症例の状態に応じて安全性を最優先とした処置を心がける。緊急内視鏡は低侵襲できわめて効果的なアウトカムを生むことができる手段であることから、今後もそのニーズはますます高くなると予想される。内視鏡医として緊急内視鏡の性質を十分に理解し、その手技に習熟しておくことが肝要である。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本消化器病学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

症例は60歳男性で、ピロリ除菌5年後の上部消化管内視鏡(EGD)検診で胃前庭部後壁に小びらんを指摘され、3ヵ月後の人間ドックEGDで同病変を生検し、signet ring cell carcinomaと診断され精査・加療目的に紹介受診した。EGDで同部位を6mm、0-IIc、sig、cT1a、UL-と診断し、周囲4点生検でGroup1であったため、内視鏡的粘膜下層剥離術を施行した。病理診断は0-IIc、por2>sig、pT1b2、pUL0、Ly0、V0、pHM0、pVM1と根治度C2であり、幽門側胃切除術を追加した。病理診断は印環細胞癌が固有筋層まで広範囲に浸潤を認めるスキルス胃癌Stage IIであり、消化器外科外来にてS-1化学療法を内服継続中である。

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

症例は72歳男性で、健診PET-CTにてFDG集積した胃の精査を希望した。7年前にH.pylori除菌療法の既往有り。上部消化管内視鏡検査で胃体下部前壁小彎寄りに20×8mm大の非癌斑状発赤様の浅い陥凹を認めた。病変の大部分はNBI拡大観察で島状のmicrosurface patternでmicrovascular patternの不整はなく、腸上皮化生の所見であり、接触型光学超拡大内視鏡(ECS)でも異型を認めなかった。陥凹病変の中心部はNBI拡大で非腫瘍と判断したが、ECSで高度異型、予測組織型tub1と診断した。内視鏡的粘膜下層剥離術を施行し、術後経過問題なく自宅退院した。病理診断は早期胃癌、Type 0-IIc、3mm、tub1、pT1a(M)、根治度Aであった。ECS高度異型と診断した部位は高分化型腺癌(tub1)を認め、tub1は一部表層に露出するが大部分の表層は非腫瘍粘膜または低異型粘膜で被覆されていた。

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

目的:当院では食道運動機能障害に対して2018年10月よりPOEMを開始した。今回、その短期成績を検討した。方法:2019年12月までに施行したPOEM16症例を対象とし、対象疾患、施行時間、筋層切開長、術後入院日数、合併症、POEM前後の食道内圧検査所見及び治療効果について後方視的に解析した。結果:原疾患は食道アカラシア(EA)12例、jackhammer esophagus(JE)3例、esophagogastric junction outlet obstruction(EGJOO)1例であった。施行時間は91.0(65-196)分、筋層切開長は8.0(5-21)cmであり、術後の入院日数は3.0(2-5)日間であった。重篤な有害事象は認めなかった。Eckardt scoreは中央値5.5→1.5と有意に改善し(p値=0.005)、F scaleも中央値21.0→11.0と改善を認めた(p値=0.004)、術後2ヵ月に食道内圧検査を施行した13例中、EA9例とEGJOO1例でIRPが中央値29.6→10.1mmHgに低下(p値<0.005)、JE3例ではDCIが中央値8831.4→849.2mmHg/s/cmと低下した。結語:当院においてもPOEMを安全に導入し、良好な成績を示すことができた。今後さらなる症例の蓄積と長期成績についての検討が必要である。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)先端医学社  

胃がんはHelicobacter pyloriの感染状態・背景粘膜に応じてさまざまな形態と組織型を呈する。現感染・除菌後胃がんはH.pylori関連胃がんとして共通する組織学的特徴があり、腸上皮化生粘膜からは分化型管状腺がん(腸型形質)、腸上皮化生の乏しい胃粘膜からは未分化型腺がん(胃型形質)が生じる。しかし、両者の肉眼形態は異なり、現感染胃がんは隆起型と平坦陥凹型がほぼ半々だが、除菌後胃がんは平坦陥凹型が7割と優勢となり、平坦で色調変化も乏しいことが多くなる。除菌後胃がんでは異型の乏しい上皮ががん表層を被覆する率が高くなり、この場合、拡大内視鏡観察では粘膜微細模様の不整が目立たず胃炎様所見を呈する。さらに、除菌後に地図状発赤・斑状発赤・腺窩上皮過形成が生じ、早期胃がんの内視鏡診断が困難となるため注意を要する。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医学書院  

＜文献概要＞はじめに 早期胃癌に対する内視鏡的粘膜下層剥離術(endoscopic submucosal dissection;ESD)は,その低侵襲性により耐術能の低い高齢者に対しても適応しやすい手技として認識されている.しかし,主な偶発症として挙げられる後出血は抗血栓薬の服用が危険因子の一つとされ,抗血栓薬の服用頻度の高い高齢者においては特に留意すべきものである.一方で,抗血栓薬休薬による血栓塞栓症のリスクも看過できず,安易な休薬は極めて重篤な合併症の引き金になりかねない.したがって,抗血栓薬服用者に対する胃ESDにおいては,抗血栓薬を継続することで可能な限り血栓塞栓症のリスクを回避しつつ,後出血のリスクを極力低減することが理想となる.

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本大腸肛門病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

食道胃接合部ポリープを「食道胃接合部(食道胃接合部上下2cm)に存在するポリープ」と定義し、病理所見と酸逆流所見(びらん性食道炎、1cm以上のBarrett食道)の有無によって、(1)酸逆流合併円柱上皮型、(2)酸逆流非合併円柱上皮型、(3)酸逆流合併扁平上皮型、(4)酸逆流非合併扁平上皮型、に分類した。食道胃接合部ポリープの約7割が酸逆流所見を合併し、ポリープは酸分泌抑制薬で消失してBarrett食道に置換された。酸逆流合併型は「Barrett食道粘膜由来ポリープ」ともいえる。一方、酸逆流非合併型にはHelicobacter pylori関連過形成性ポリープや乳頭腫(ヒトパピローマウイルス関連)などがあり、酸分泌抑制薬によるポリープ消失は期待できない。Barrett食道腺癌には食道胃接合部ポリープ類似型があるが、食道胃接合部ポリープの癌化例を筆者らは経験していない。食道胃接合部ポリープ類似型癌は酸分泌抑制薬で縮小する症例があり、酸逆流による炎症の関与が推定される。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2020&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20200827160006&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syokd%2F2020%2F003208%2F007%2F1148-1156%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syokd%2F2020%2F003208%2F007%2F1148-1156%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本消化器病学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本胃癌学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本臨床社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

多彩な背景胃粘膜に生ずる胃癌は多様性に富み、適切な内視鏡診断をするためには背景粘膜と組織型・肉眼型の関係を理解する必要がある。Helicobacter pylori未感染胃癌は7つの類型がある。すなわち、(1)胃体部～穹窿部胃底腺粘膜に生じる4つの類型である。(a)扁平隆起様腺窩上皮型胃癌、(b)ラズベリー様腺窩上皮型胃癌、(c)胃底腺型胃癌、(d)胃カルチノイドと、(2)幽門腺境界近傍の胃底腺粘膜に生じる(e)純系印環細胞癌、さらに(3)幽門輪近傍の胃幽門腺に生じる(f)高分化型管状腺癌、(4)食道胃接合部粘膜に生じる(g)噴門部癌の7つである。Helicobacter pylori関連胃癌(現感染・既感染胃癌)は腸上皮化生粘膜に生じる分化型腺癌と胃底腺領域に生じる未分化型腺癌が基本である。既感染胃癌では隆起型が減少し、陥凹が浅く、全般に平坦化する。(1)同色調で平坦な分化型腺癌、(2)地図状発赤・斑状発赤に類似する分化型腺癌、といった周囲粘膜との相違が乏しい類型があり、除菌後の内視鏡では留意を要する。(著者抄録)

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2020&ichushi_jid=J02312&link_issn=&doc_id=20200128140003&doc_link_id=10.24479%2FJ02312.2020257071&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24479%2FJ02312.2020257071&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本ヘリコバクター学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本消化器病学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)ヴァンメディカル  

2017年にわが国で初めての慢性便秘症診療ガイドラインが作成されるとともに、ルビプロストンやリナクロチドなどの上皮機能変容薬の登場や、胆汁酸トランスポーター阻害薬も登場し、慢性便秘症に対する関心は高まっている。ルビプロストンは上皮機能変容薬に含まれ、小腸上皮頂端膜に存在するCIC-2クロライドチャネルを活性化し、腸管内への水分分泌を促進することで、便を軟らかくし、腸管内の輸送速度を高めて排便を促進する。さらに、ルビプロストンは粘膜修復作用やムチン分泌増加作用ももつことが明らかになっており、今後慢性便秘症以外にも有用になる可能性が期待されている。(著者抄録)

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

症例は60歳代女性で、40歳代に慢性腎不全で血液透析を導入、50歳代で大動脈弁と僧帽弁の弁置換術を受け、心房細動を発症した。60歳代で総胆管結石に対し内視鏡的逆行性胆管膵管造影を行い、ヘパリン化の際に腸腰筋血腫を発症し動脈塞栓術で止血されていた。今回、温泉旅行から帰宅途中に嘔気を感じ、自宅安静時に突然多量の血塊を嘔吐したため緊急入院となった。CTおよび上部消化管内視鏡所見から胃粘膜下血腫と診断した。内視鏡的には止血が困難であり、輸血とワルファリン内服中止で加療を開始した。第2病日に貧血が進行し、動脈塞栓術(TAE)を試みたが責任血管は指摘できなかった。さらに第4病日に貧血が進行し、再度血管造影を行ったところ、胃大網動脈の分枝に造影剤の貯留を認め、責任血管と判断しTAEを行った。その後もさらに貧血が進行し、第8病日に再度血管造影を行い、胃十二指腸動脈分枝をTAEし、その後貧血は改善した。第11病日の内視鏡検査では血腫は自壊し、前庭部に3型腫瘍類似の潰瘍を形成していた。第18病日の内視鏡検査では血腫は除去され、白苔を有する平坦な潰瘍底を認めた。その後の経過は良好であり、第27病日に退院した。

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その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2018&ichushi_jid=J04450&link_issn=&doc_id=20180627080017&doc_link_id=%2Fdw9poden%2F2018%2F009201%2F028%2F0096-0098%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fdw9poden%2F2018%2F009201%2F028%2F0096-0098%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医学出版  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)日本メディカルセンター  

＜文献概要＞逆流性食道炎(RE)は食道内の過剰な胃酸曝露によって発症する.過剰な食道内胃酸曝露には,(1)胃酸逆流の頻度,(2)胃酸逆流後の胃酸上昇パターン,(3)胃酸逆流後の胃酸排出パターンが関連している.胃酸逆流のおもなメカニズムは一過性LES弛緩であり,一過性LES弛緩頻度は健常者とGERD患者間に差はないが,一過性LES弛緩時の酸逆流の合併率はGERD患者で有意に増加している.この一過性LES弛緩時の酸逆流の合併率の違いの原因として,近年acid pocketにも注目が集まっている.一方,NERDの約60～70%は酸逆流による症状であるが,残りはほかに原因がある.その他の症状の原因としては食道知覚過敏の存在による酸以外の逆流,食道運動障害,好酸球性食道炎,機能性胸やけなどが挙げられ,鑑別が重要となる.NERDの逆流は口側に逆流するほど症状が出やすく,また二次蠕動波の出現率が低下していることが特徴である.標準量のPPIを投与するも効果が不十分である場合には,GERD診療ガイドラインでは,症状との関連を評価するために食道インピーダンス・pH検査,食道内圧検査を行うことが提案されている.

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化管学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一財)日本消化器病学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(NPO)日本食道学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本消化器内視鏡学会-関東支部  

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